20 FARMERS' BULLETIN 574. 



tion as they are easier to use than cut nails, although the latter have 

 greater binding power. Use 10 to 20 penny nails for framing; 8 to 10 

 penny for sheathing; 6 penny finish or casing nails for clapboarding, 

 and 8 penny for siding. Four penny nails are l.J, 6 penny are 2, 

 and 8 penny are 2J inches long, etc. It takes about 8 pounds of 

 5 penny nails to 1,000 shingles; 18 pounds of 6 penny for 1,000 

 square feet, board measure, of beveled siding; 20 pounds of 8 penny 

 or 25 pounds of 10 penny for 1,000 square feet of sheathing; 30 

 pounds of 8 penny for 1,000 square feet of flooring, and 15 pounds 

 of 10 penny or 25 pounds of 20 penny for 1,000 feet of studding. 

 Allow one bag of cement for about 13 square feet of concrete floor, 

 adding one extra bag for every 10 running feet of foundation wall. 

 This is estimated for a floor made of 3 inches of a 1-2 J-5 mixture of 

 concrete, covered with one-half inch of a finishing coat, containing 

 equal parts of sand and cement. 



The following tools will make a fair outfit for use in constructing 

 simple poultry houses, or one may buy a tool chest and set of tools, 

 which contains most of those mentioned herewith: Medium-sized 

 hammer, hatchet, chisel, mallet, brace, set of bits, screw driver, plane, 

 level, steel square, ripsaw (5 teeth to the inch), crosscut saw (8 to 10 

 teeth to the inch), compass saw, monkey wrench, oilstone, files, pair 

 of pliers, chalk, and a 2-foot rule. 



PAINT. 



Painting adds greatly both to the appearance and service of all 

 buildings and appliances. One may buy ready-mixed paints, or may 

 purchase paste pigments and oil and mix them. All surfaces should 

 be clean and dry before they are painted. Use a priming coat made 

 of equal parts of paint and linseed oil and cover with one or more 

 coats of paint, which should be thoroughly rubbed into the surface. 



WHITEWASH. 



Whitewash is the cheapest of all paints and may be used either for 

 exterior or interior surfaces. It can be made by slaking about 10 

 pounds of quicklime in a pail with 2 gallons of water, covering the 

 pail with cloth or burlap, and allowing it to slake for one hour. Water 

 is then added to bring the whitewash to a consistency which may be 

 applied readily. A weatherproof whitewash for exterior surfaces 

 may be made as follows: (1) Slake 1 bushel of quicklime in 12 gal- 

 lons of hot water, (2) dissolve 2 pounds of common salt and 1 pound 

 of sulphate of zinc in 2 gallons of boiling water; pour (2) into (1), then 

 add 2 gallons of skim milk and mix thoroughly. Whitewash is spread 

 lightly over the surface with a broad brush. 



O 



