AMERICAN LUMBER IN FOREIGN MARKETS. 153 



The lumber described "all other" was nearly all transshipments from 

 German ports, but it should be noted that the timber was not grown 

 in Europe. 



MAX JUDD, 

 Consul- General. 

 VIENNA, February 21, 1894. 



BOHEMIA. 



NATIVE WOODS. 



Bohemia is well supplied with forests of heavy trees, the Boehmer- 

 wald region being specially noted for same. The woods in Bohemia 

 can be divided into three classes : (1) Pine forests; (2) leaved, or hard 

 forests; (3) mixed forests. The prevailing species of the coniferous 

 trees are the spruce, fir, the pine, and the larch. Among these the 

 spruce predominates. 



Of the deciduous trees the prevailing species are beech, oak, and 

 birch, the beech predominating. Among the mixed species are found 

 poplar, alder, elm, basswood, chestnut, aspen, and maple. 



In Bohemia between 1,300 to 1,400 sawmills are operated, which are 

 driven either by steam or water power, the majority by water power. 

 Only few of the larger steam mills can be favorably compared with 

 American mills; the rest are small affairs, many of them having one 

 circular or one upright saw. The whole annual production of the 

 Bohemian forest is estimated at 6,250,000 cubic meters, consumed as 

 follows : 



Cubic meters. * 



Lumber 835,000 



Building purposes 900,000 



Fiber (for packing, upholstering, and under carpets) 600, 000 



Railroad ties 220,000 



Staves 60,000 



Shingles 22,000 



Parquetts (French flooring) 20, 000 



Wooden wire (such as matches, etc.) 20,000 



Building canal boats 16,000 



Wooden shoes 6,000 



Telegraph poles 4,000 



Resonant purposes (such as violins, etc.) 1,200 



Lead pencils 600 



The balance is made up of firewood. 



The leading kinds of lumber used are spruce and pine. The prefer- 

 ence is given to spruce. It is used for all kinds of building purposes, 

 furniture, etc. The pine is used for railroad ties. The principal lum- 

 ber market is the city of Prague, which is situated nearly in the center 

 of the country, on the river Moldau, and convenient to all the lumber 



* Cubic meter=35. 3 cubic feet. 



