33 



in tin- yield of lumber, thi- forest i- pmbaliU the den- 

 e-t on .-arth. .\cceding the tir foiv-ts ,,f Oregon and 



Lumbering i- arricd mi at inanx |N.mt- in the -trip, 

 al ( 'rcM-cnt t'itx. lliinilxiMi Hax . uiul in xarion- point- 

 in MendiH-ino iin.l Sonoma countie-. Tin- |irin<-i|ml n 



i tlii- lumber indii-tix. however, is aUtut Hum 

 Uildt llax . of which Kiirpku in the metropolis The 

 lumU-rini: :inl milling' Art' carried on iii thi- neighbor 

 ho.nl li\ In !_'.- companies, and the most modern methods 

 and machinerx an? then- employed. The mills are of 

 the mo-t modern t\|H, e<|uip|N>d xxith gang and band 

 , ,< - . ,v h ' . ' , fa i,"'."_ i : lOfl i ' : 

 lumber i- x ery complete. Indeed, the reilxMMMi mill-. 

 alM.ut Kureka probably represent the highest develop- 

 ment of this bram h of iimniifiic-tiire in the world. 



wood is a strong and very durable lumber, and is 

 lined in California for a great variety of purjxses. for 

 lioue building, for water pijx's, shingle*, and iiiM.le 

 lini-hing. It i- >hip| -d not only to all jwrt.s of Culi 

 fornia but to Au-tmlia. .lu|nin. and South America. 

 There is only a limited local consumption of the wood, 



U the greater piirt of it entering into conmieree. 

 The >upply <if redwood is estimated at 7r> billion feet. 

 of whirli 1 J.L'J.". million feet was reported an owned by 

 lumU-inicii. The eut for the consult year was 860 

 million feet 



DESCKIPTI.'N-. UV >TATK>. 



f. Maine was originally a forest-clad Htate 

 throughout. The timber n>n>i-ted mainly <f white 

 pine and -|iruco with some admixture of hemloek. tarn 

 arack. and cedar, and in the southern part of hard 

 woods of various specie*. The southern part of tin- 

 state has been largely cleared, and the forests in the 

 northern part have in the main Iron culled of white 

 pine, although there still remains in the remoter partt* 

 of the state, especially in the northwest, and in areas 

 removed from the streams, a notable amount of this 

 species. That considerable white pine still remains in 

 the state, in spite of the fact that for a century the 

 lumbermen have been rutting it, is shown by the fart 

 that the lumbermen own tracts comprising a stand of 

 1.017.*'. millions of feet. As the supply of white pine 

 has diminished, the cut of spruce has increased, both 

 absolutely and relatively, until it is at present far the 

 more important of the two. 



The extension in recent years of railroads into the 

 northern portion of the state, supplementing and in 

 many places supplanting the streams as the means of 

 conveying logs to the mill, has resulted in opening up 

 new regions previously almost untouched. 



The wooded area of the state is estimated at 23,700 

 square miles, or 79 per cent of the entire area. The 

 land covered with merchantable timber is, of course, of 

 much less area. The only estimates of the stand of 

 timber are those of Prof. C. S. Sargent, made in 1880. 

 < 



Hi- .-lunate of IT.', million feet ..f Int.- pmc U C6T- 

 tainlx ..nix u fni. lion of the amount then tlmiding, and 

 hi- e-tinmte of '.> liillimi feet of -prnee. though prolml>ly 

 not -o ^reatlx in .IT..I-. i~ exidentlx much lc*s than the 

 fact. -in. more than half that amount in to-day reported 

 as owned, after twenty yearn of cutting. 



i.i \ir.l l: ISM -II. > 



\r Il,iiiij>*li!r>.- New Ilaiiip.-liirc wa originally 

 covered with forests of white pine, spruce, and hem 

 lock, with sonic hard woods intermingled in the southern 

 part of the state. The result of two centuries of cut- 

 ting, with much destruction by fire, ha- been to mluee 

 the -land of white pine to a very small amount, and 

 in-tcad of living the principal timber product, it has 

 become of very little importance, while spruce is cut in 

 far greater amount. In the last half century the value 

 of the lumber product has multiplied nine times, and 

 has nearly doubled in the past decade, as shown below. 



The woodbind of the state is estimated at 5.200 

 square miles, or 58 per cent of the area of the -tate. 

 For the quantity of timl>er we have the figures of Pro- 

 fessor Sargent, who estimated to be standing in 1>^". 

 1,510 million feet of spruce and 165 million feet of 

 hemlock. Since more spruce and hemlock were re- 

 ported as owned in 1900, besides the cut of twenty 

 years, it is seen that these estimates were far below 

 the truth. In 1S!K Professor Fernow estimated that 

 the state contained 3.IHKI million feet of conifers. Since 

 more than that amount is reported as owned by lumber- 

 men in 1900, this estimate also is seen to be of no value. 



LUMBER IXWhTRY. 



