46 



Nevada. There is but little timber in Nevada, that 

 little being mainly found in the western part of the 

 state in the regions outlying the Sierra Nevada. 



The entire area of wooded land is estimated at only 

 6,100 square miles, or 6 per cent of the state's area. 

 The amount of timber land owned by lumber compa- 

 nies and the cut in the census year were insignificant. 



LUMBER INDUSTRY. 



New Mexico. Merchantable timber in this territory 

 is confined to the mountains and is composed in the main 

 of yellow pine and spruce, the cut during the census 

 year being composed almost entirely of the first-named 

 species. 



The wooded area of the territory is estimated at 

 23,700 square miles, or 19 per cent of its total area. In 

 the territory the United States has reserved tracts 

 amounting to 4,299 square miles, the principal of these 

 being about the head of Gila Riverain" the western part 

 of the territory. 



LUMBER INDUSTRY. 



. Merchantable timber of Arizona is con- 

 fined almost entirely to the summit and borders of the 

 Colorado plateau. It consists almost entirely of yellow 

 pine, there being no hard woods, and the conifers other 

 than yellow pine are found only upon higher parts of 

 the mountains and in very limited quantities. 



The total wooded area of the territory is estimated 

 at 25,000 square miles, or 22 per cent of the area of the 

 territory. Only a small part of this, however, is occu- 

 pied by yellow-pine forest, the principal portion con- 

 sisting of pinon and juniper forest, which are of value 

 only for firewood, fencing, etc. 



Within the territory the United States has reserved 



an area of 9,195 square miles, including most of the 

 yellow-pine country, together with considerable areas 

 of pinon and juniper. 



LUMBER INDUSTRY. 



TIMBER OWNED AND CUT, BY SPECIES, AND AVERAGE 

 STAND. 



'California,. The timber of California is found upon 

 the Sierra Nevada and the coast ranges north of San 

 Francisco Bay. A little is found in the coast ranges 

 farther south and in those of southern California. 

 The species consist mainly of yellow and sugar pine, 

 redwood, and red fir. 



Redwood is found in a narrow strip stretching from 

 the Oregon line southward, closely bordering the coast, 

 nearly to the bay of San Francisco. In this strip, com- 

 prising some 2,000 square miles, there is estimated to 

 be 75 billion feet of redwood in a pure forest. This is 

 probably the densest forest, as measured \>y the amount 

 of lumber per acre, in the world. Lumbering is car- 

 ried on mainly about Humboldt Bay, at Crescent City 

 near the Oregon line, and at various points in Mendo- 

 cino county. The cut is almost entirely for domestic 

 and foreign export, the local trade being very small. 

 It is shipped to South America, Australia, and Japan. 



Yellow pine is found along the entire length of the 

 Sierra Nevada and in the northern coast ranges. It 

 occupies in the Sierra a well-defined belt, which in the 

 southern part of the range is limited by a contour 

 3,000 feet above sea level, while northward it gradually 

 descends, coining down to about 1,500 feet in the upper 

 Sacramento valley. Its upper limit is, on an average, 

 about 8,000 feet, above which it is succeeded by species 

 which are fitted to a colder climate. Throughout its 

 range it is accompanied by sugar pine in the average 

 proportion of about three of the former to one of the 

 latter. The forest also contains a notable amount of 

 incense cedar and of red fir. The composition of the 

 forests in the northern part of the coast ranges is quite 

 similar to that of the Sierra, excepting that the propor- 

 tion of red fir is somewhat greater. 



Scattered about in the yellow-pine forest, on the 

 slopes of the Sierra Nevada, at altitudes ranging from 

 4,000 to 6,000 feet, are ten groves, differing greatly in 



