On the shelves stood gallipots of earthenware containing 

 lard, marrow, goose-fat and other greasy substances ; in boxes 

 of horn, china, zinc and even of silver (for costly materials), 

 were ointments, salves, unguents, balsams, confortatives and 

 extracts of the more solid kind. Besides these the shelves 

 were crowded with boxes of plasters, clysters, ataplasms, lini- 

 ments, electuaries, and favorite remedies, such as "oppodel- 

 doch" and "panchymagog." 



In glass bottles, grouped on another row of shelves, were 

 the strong acids, oil of vitriol, spirit of salt, and aqua fortis; 

 spirits of wine, turpentine oil, petroleum, mercury, essential 

 oils, besides elixirs and "aquae" without end, of which the 

 most popular were "aqua benedicta" and "aqua mirabilis." 

 The apothecar} 7 - kept on hand also quantities of tinctures, 

 essences, quintessences and ready made pills; of the latter 

 the "hiera picra Rhasis," "the pillulae alephanginae Mesuae," 

 and "pillulae pestilentiales Ruffi" were in constant demand. 

 Among the frequently prescribed remedies were the "diambar," 

 the "diamargariton calidum," "thryphera," the expensive 

 "collyrium of Danares," and the complex mixtures called 

 "theriac" and "mithridat." Theriac was compounded of from 

 sixty-five to ninety-seven ingredients belonging to the min- 

 eral, vegetable and animal kingdoms, and included such nau- 

 seous things as troches- of vipers, and portions of wild ani- 

 mals not named in fastidious society. The great expense 

 attending the preparation of a medicament embracing so 

 many and so rare ingredients caused physicians to devise 

 simpler ones for the poor; thus the sixty-three substances of 

 the famous "theriac of Andromachus" were reduced in num- 

 ber to four and in this form was sometimes called "diates- 

 son"; its composition was roots of gentian, of birth wort, 

 and of bay-laurel, with myrrh mixed with honey to form an 

 electuary. The "mithridat of Damocles" was compounded of 



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