THE CEREALS. ibi 



the grain is prepared for food in India. Barley mixed with 

 horse-gram forms an excellent food for horses, and is known 

 as " adour." 



From an observation made in a preceding paragraph it will 

 have been remarked how very closely the pearl barley prepared 

 in Europe approaches rice in its nutrient-ratio. The Indian 

 cleaned barley is, as we have seen, much richer in albuminoids. 

 This arises from two causes, one of which is the higher percentage 

 of nitrogen naturally present in the average whole barley grain 

 as grown in India ; the other is the imperfect way in which 

 the Indian barley is cleaned previous to use as food. Some 

 room there evidently is for improvements in the mode of carrying 

 out the cleaning or pearling operation. A recently invented 

 Dutch process might be used. It produces a pearled grain of 

 larger size than that obtained by the usual operations ; the 

 pearled grain attains a higher percentage ; its shape is not 

 spherical, but much resembles that of the whole grain, and it 

 is richer than the ordinary sort in oil, mineral matter, and 

 albuminoids. The following details as to the great losses incurred 

 in the English method of pearling barley drawn from my own 

 investigations, may be useful : 



100 Ibs. of barley yield 12^ Ibs. of " Coarse dust," and become 

 " blocked barley." 



Blocked barley yields 14^ Ibs. of " Fine dust," and becomes 

 "pot or Scotch barley." 



Pot barley yields' 25 # Ibs. of "Pearl dust," and becomes 

 " pearl barley." 



The quantity of pearl barley thus obtained is about 37^ Ibs., 

 a loss of 10 per cent, being unaccounted* for. 



The composition of the three waste products or " dusts" is in 

 100 parts : 



Coarse Dust. Fine Dust. Pearl Dust. 



Water 14-2 ... 13-1 ... i3'3 



Albuminoids ... TO ... 17*6 ... iz'i 



Oil 17 ... 6-0 ... 3-4 



Starch 46-9 ... 50*5 ... 67-2 



Fibre ... ... 24-5 ... 8-5 ... r8 



Ash 57 ... 4'3 2 ' 2 



