376 VOYAGE TO THE TOLAR SEA. Mat 



tained. A series of temperatures was taken at every 

 ten fathoms from the surface ; the temperature be- 

 tween the surface and a depth of twenty fathoms being 

 28 0, 5, and that between thirty fathoms and the bottom 

 in seventy-two fathoms being 28°*8.' 



The specific gravity of the surface-water as after- 

 wards ascertained by Dr. Moss was, at a temperature 

 of 60°, 1-0246 and 1*0211; standard water at 39° 

 equal unity. 



4 Tidal action was apparent, but with the rough 

 appliances at our disposal it was impossible to make 

 any accurate observations regarding it, the set being, 

 as near as we could judge, N.W. and S.E. Improvising 

 a dredge, and baiting it with the scrapings of our 

 pannikins, &c, it was lowered down the hole, and on 

 being hauled up after remaining some hours at the 

 bottom, was found to be literally swarming with small 

 crustaceans, apparently of two different kinds. Several 

 specimens of these were collected, and placed in spirits 

 of wine for preservation. Hooks were baited and 

 attempts made to catch fish, but without success. 

 Took a complete double series of magnetic observa- 

 tions for inclination and total force. 



'12th. — Breakfasted at 8.30, immediately after 

 which, leaving the cooks behind at the camp to attend 

 upon the invalids, the remainder of the party carrying 

 the sextant and artificial horizon, and also the sledge 

 banners and colours, started northwards.. We had 

 some very severe walking, struggling through snow up 

 to our waists, over or through which the labour of 

 dragging a sledge would be interminable, and occa- 

 sionally almost disappearing through cracks and fissures, 



