CONTENTS. 



BOOK I. 



The Frontiers of Science. General Theories of 

 Life and Death. Their Successive Trans- 

 formations. 



CHAP. PAGE 



I. Early Theories i 



II. Animism - 5 



III. Vitalism 15 



IV. The Monistic Theory 34 



V. The Emancipation of Scientific Research from 



THE Yoke of Philosophical Doctrine . . 42 



BOOK II. 



The Doctrine of Energy and the Living World. 

 General Ideas of Life. Alimentary Life. 



1. Energy in General 57 



II. Energy in Biology . . . . . . -97 



III. Alimentary Energetics 116 



BOOK III. 



The Characters Common to Living Beings. 



I. Doctrine of Vital Unity 146 



II. Morphological Unity of Living Beings. . . 157 



III. Chemical Unity of Living Beings . . . -173 



IV. Twofold Conditioning of Vital Phenomena. 



Irritability 188 



ix 



