TREES AND MORMON BEARDS 155 



valley is hemmed in by picturesque cliffs of 

 pink and white and gray formation, with rug- 

 ged, lofty mountains rising above and rolling 

 away to the eastward. 



Stately Lombardy poplars line the streets of 

 the settlements and surround the ranchmen's 

 homes, a characteristic of all Mormon settle- 

 ments. Later I came instinctively to think of 

 the poplars as inverted beards of Mormon eld- 

 ers and to wonder whether the Mormons chose 

 this as their shade tree because it so resembled 

 the beards of the aforesaid elders, or whether 

 the elders so admired the trees, or so wished to 

 harmonize with their surroundings, that they 

 trimmed their beards to match the trees. 



This whole region, from southwestern Utah 

 to the San Juan country, is said to contain 

 much iron and coal. The settlers assured me 

 that one might ride over the country for a 

 month and camp each night on coal — bitumin- 

 ous, cannel, and at some points anthracite. At 

 Glendale, one of the settlements of Long Val- 

 ley, coal was the exclusive fuel used, the house- 

 holders mining sufficient for their individual 

 needs. I fell in at Glendale with one Charles 

 Levanger, a Norwegian, who invited me to in- 

 spect his coal mine, some three or four hundred 

 yards from the center of the village. Here he 





