CRIME. 185 



watched association." Are they not, in the majority of cases, 

 members of bands notoriously formed for immoral purposes, and 

 there practically taught to scorn all that society respects and 

 appreciates, and to indulge in unbridled licentiousness ? 



Of course, I cannot pretend, in a book like this, to suggest 

 any definite remedy ; but I may be pardoned for quoting from 

 the report of the inspector the words of Sir Joshua Jebb : — 

 " The deterring elements of punishment are hard labour, hard 

 fare, and a hard bed ; and, for the lowest class of prisoners, these 

 elements should be applied, as far as they can consistently, with 

 a view to deter men from crime. " Let hard labour, therefore, 

 be enforced. 



I shall again say, in the words of the inspector : " As for 

 females undergoing short sentences, nothing but severe punish- 

 ment will have the slightest effect upon them. 



" The present hard labour (?) , which consists of sewing and 

 washing, can have no terrors for women who have utterly lost all 



sense of shame, and who glory in their degradation I 



certainly recommend complete separation, by night and by day, 

 work in association, but perfect silence/'' 



The first step, however, to be adopted, and the most im- 

 portant, is to have a separate prison for females ; and we may 

 reasonably expect that, when the new lunatic asylum has been 

 built, and the lunatics transferred there, the present buildings 

 will be adapted to the reception of our female criminals. 



As to the juvenile offenders, there are but poor chances of 

 obtaining their reformation, unless industrial schools are founded 

 for their reception. In the year 1876 an ordinance was passed 

 for the establishment and regulation of industrial schools. 

 Such schools may be established either by Government or by 

 private individuals. As this is a question in which I took some 

 interest, and had opportunities to talk over the matter with 

 Governors Sir James Longden and Sir Henry Irving, I trust 

 that I shall be excused for saying a few words on the subject. 



Governor Irving was fully alive to the great difficulties that 

 must attend the creation and management of a Government 

 reformatory school. In his opinion, the only chance of success 

 lay in the foundation by religious communities of such re- 

 formatories. 



He, therefore, felt some anxiety in having two such schools 



