166 COMMERCIAL GRADES OF CROP PRODUCTS 



Legal heaped-bushel capacities (Apples) 



Connecticut (heaped bu.) . 2564 cu. in. 



Kansas (heaped bu.) 2564 " " 



Washington (heaped bu.) 2564 " 



Box packing of apples in Washington and Oregon (C. S. Wilson). 



Boxes. (a) Standard, 10J in. X 11? in. X 18 in. inside measurement. 

 (6) Special, 10 in. X 11 in. X 20 in. inside measurement. 



Material. Ends, f in. ; sides, I in ; tops and bottoms, two pieces each, 

 i in. thick. There should be two cleats for each top and bottom. The 

 sides of the box should be nailed with four nails at each end of each 

 side. The cleats should be put neatly on the box, and four nails driven 

 through them and through the top or bottom into the ends. Five- 

 penny cement-coated nails are preferable. 



Wrapping paper. Any of the following grades may be used : 

 Light Manila, heavy-weight tissue, or " white news." The size of 

 the wrapper will vary somewhat, according to the size of the apple. 

 Two sizes should be ordered, 8 in. X 10 in. and 10 in. X 10 in. The 

 approximate cost of this wrapping paper would be, light Manila and 

 heavy-weight tissue, 4| or 5 cents per pound, or about 35 cents per thou- 

 sand sheets; "white news," 82 cents per pound, or about 30 cents 

 per thousand sheets. 



Lining paper. The lining paper is made from " white news," size 

 18 in. X 24 in. The approximate cost of this paper would be 3i cents 

 per pound, or about $1.15 per thousand sheets. 



Layer paper. In some cases it is necessary to use layer paper to 

 raise the pack in order to come out right at the top. For this purpose 

 use colored tag-board, size 171 in. X 11 in., or 19| in. X 10^ in., ac- 

 cording to the box. The approximate cost of this paper would be 

 about $7.50 per thousand sheets. 



Packing. Before placing the apples on the packing table they 

 are usually graded into different sizes. This facilitates very much the 

 work of the packers. A sizer may be used at the beginning, but one 

 soon trains the eye to recognize the different grades. The diagonal 

 pack is preferable, although one is forced to use the straight pack for 

 a few sizes. 



The following table was used at Hood River, Oregon, in the fall of 

 1910 (C. I. Lewis, in "Better Fruits"): 



