306 INJURIOUS INSECTS, WITH TREATMENT 



APPLE FLEA-BEETLE (Graptodera foliacea). Brassy, green beetle, 

 one-fifth inch or less long, feeding upon leaves. 



Treatment. Arsenicals. Lime-sulfur or bordeaux mixture 

 as a repellent. 



APPLE-MAGGOT OR RAILROAD- WORM (Rhagoletis pomonella). Mag- 

 got ; infests harvest and fall apples mostly, occasionally attacks 

 winter fruit. It tunnels apples through and through, causing the 

 fruit to fall to the earth. 



Treatment. Pick up all windfalls every two or three days, 

 and either feed them out or bury them deeply, thus killing the 

 maggots. Pasture to hogs. 



BUD-MOTH (Tmetocera ocellana}. The small brown caterpillars 

 with black heads devour the tender leaves and flowers of the 

 opening buds in early spring. 



Treatment. Make two applications of either 1 pound paris 

 green or 4 pounds arsenate of lead in 100 gallons of water ; the 

 first when the leaf-tips appear, and the second just before the 

 blossoms open. If necessary, spray again after the blossoms fall. 

 In cases where lime-sulfur is used just before the buds open for 

 scale or blister mite, arsenate of lead, 4 pounds to 100 gallons, may 

 be added and will help- to control the bud-moth. 



CASE-BEARERS. The pistol-case-bearer (Coleophora malivorella) 

 and the cigar-case-bearer ( C. fletcherella) . The small cater- 

 pillars live in pistol or cigar-shaped cases, about a quarter of an 

 inch long, that they carry around with them. They appear in 

 spring on the opening buds at the same time as the bud-moth, 

 and may be controlled by the same means. 



CANKER-WORM. Spring and fall (Paleacrita vernata and Alsophila 

 pometaria). Larva ; a " measuring worm," an inch long, dark, 

 and variously striped, feeding upon the leaves. 



Preventive. Band the trees with tanglefoot to prevent 

 the wingless females from climbing. 



Treatment. Arsenicals, thoroughly applied in spray, are 

 very effective. See BANDING, p. 286. 



CODLIN-MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella}. This is the pinkish 

 caterpillar which causes a large proportion of wormy apples. 

 The eggs are laid by a small moth on the leaves and the skin of the 

 fruit. Most of the caterpillars enter the apple at the blossom end. 



