MUSHROOM ORANGE 323 



Mushroom. MUSHROOM-FLY. The maggot bores through the 

 stems of the mushrooms before they are full grown. 



Preventive. Keep the beds cool so that the fly cannot develop. 

 When the fly is present, growing mushrooms in warm weather is 

 usually abandonded. 



Onion. MAGGOT (Pegomya cepetorum). Much like the CABBAGE 

 MAGGOT, which see (p. 312). 



Remedies. Carbolic acid emulsion. Bisulfid of carbon. 

 THRIPS (Thrips tabaci). Minute elongate yellowish insects that 

 cause a wilting and dying of the tops. 



Treatment. Clean culture, kerosene emulsion, tobacco extracts. 



Orange and Lemon. PURPLE SCALE (Lepidosaphes beckii). An 



elongate brownish purple scale resembling an oyster-shell in shape. 



Treatment. Fumigation, using heavy dosage. 

 RED-SCALE (Aspidiotus aurantii). A nearly circular reddish or 

 yellowish scale. 



Treatment. Fumigation. Distillate. 



BLACK-SCALE (Saissetia olece) . A large soft-bodied dark brown 

 or nearly black scale. 



Treatment. Fumigation. Distillate. 



MEALY-BUG (Pseudococcus citri). A .mealy white soft-bodied 

 insect nearly one-fourth inch long, occurring in masses in the 

 angles of the branches, axils of the leaves, and around the stem 

 of the fruit. 



Treatment. Fumigation. Destruction of all rubbish under 

 the trees. 



RED-SPIDER (Tetranychus sexmaculatus) . Minute greenish yellow 

 mites found on the leaves. See p. 304. 



Treatment. Dry sulfur, or sulfur and water used as a spray. 

 WHITE-FLY (Aleyrodes citri and A. nubifera). The immature stages 

 are found on the underside of the leaves and are scale-like in form. 

 The adults are minute white-winged flies. 



Treatment. Fumigation. Fungous diseases (p. 290), 

 RUST-MITE (Phytoptus oleivorus). A minute mite, causing the rust 

 on oranges and lemons. 



Treatment. Sulfur, dry or as a spray. 



THRIPS (Eidhrips citri). A minute, active, yellow insect that 

 scars the fruit and curls and distorts the leaves. 



