96 TREE-PLANTING. 



productiveness, the same as many other sorts of 

 trees do. 



It is propagated by the nuts, or seed, which sepa- 

 rate from the outer husk on becoming ripe and 

 falling from the tree. They may be sown in winter 

 or early spring, and vegetate during the first season. 

 It is usual to plant in drills a few inches asunder, and 

 then cover with soil to the depth of two inches. As 

 the slightest frost injures the young plants after they 

 appear above the surface of the ground, the drills 

 should be protected by a covering of spruce -fir 

 branches, or those of the silver fir, or some such cover. 

 A dry sandy soil is more preferable to rear young trees 

 in than soils of a more fertile description ; for though 

 the latter will produce the most vigorous and strongest 

 looking plants, the first winter in all probability will 

 deprive them of their tips, while in a dry early soil 

 they will mature what shoots they make better, and 

 are so able to withstand the frost. 



I have pointed out the necessity of transplanta- 

 tion to promote bushiness of root fibres ; in the 

 case of the walnut also, the seedling plants form 

 strong tap-roots, and to adapt them for removal it is 

 necessary to lift them at one year old, or at most two, 

 and to prune the extremities of their tap-roots, and 

 promote the growth of fibrous roots. Transplantation 

 should be continued every second or third year, in- 

 creasing the space each time in which the plants are 

 to stand, according to their size, till they are finally 

 placed out in the situations they are destined to 

 occupy. 



In a good climate, with a dry deep soil, the tree 

 grows rapidly during its youth. It will attain the 



