84 CATTLE SHORTHORNS 



The average for bulls in 1904 was 41, 7s. 7<i, and in 

 1905, 41, 1 8s. 7<i The difference of 8, 145. 8d. between 

 the total averages of these two years was mainly due to the 

 decrease in the average price of cows from 79, 143. nd. to 

 39, 1 8s. 7d. 



In Coates' Shorthorn Herd Book the British record 

 " no bull is eligible for insertion unless it has five crosses, and 

 no cow unless it has/our crosses of Shorthorn blood, which 

 are, or are eligible to be, inserted in the Herd Book." In 

 the French Herd Book the last sire in the pedigree must 

 have been born in 1830, or before it. In the North- American 

 Shorthorn Herd Book it is necessary that the pedigree of 

 every sire can be traced back to 1872. In the Argentine 

 Shorthorn Herd Book it is essential that the pedigree be 

 traced to 1850, or earlier ; i.e., the last sire and the last dam 

 inscribed and named in the pedigree must have been born in 

 or before the year 1850. A great many of the best cattle 

 in this country cannot trace so far back in the female line, 

 as among pure Shorthorn breeders it was not the custom in 

 the early days to record all the female connection. The 

 resulting so-called "short pedigrees" restrict the choice of 

 foreign buyers or exporters to the cattle with long pedigrees, 

 and have been the means of elevating the prices of animals 

 with long pedigrees. 



The Dairy Shorthorn (Coates' Herd Book) Association 

 was formed in June 1905, when the following promoters, Sir 

 O. Mosley, Bart, Right Hon. Lord Crewe, C. R. W. Adeane, 

 Richardson Carr, Walter Crosland, R. W. Hobbs, F. 

 Punchard, C. A. Scott-Murray, Rd. Stratton, and G. Taylor, 

 with J. P. Cross and F. N. Webb added, were elected to form 

 a temporary council to draw up the rules of the association 

 which then took being, with Lord Rothschild as president, 

 F. N. Webb as hon. secretary, and a membership of fifty 

 breeders, all members of the Shorthorn Society. The 

 chairman of the inaugural meeting (C. R. W. Adeane) 

 explained that 



" It was necessary something should be done to maintain 

 the position of the Shorthorn as a dairy cow. The farmer 

 required an animal which would yield a large amount of 

 milk, and which was capable at the same time of carrying 



