94 LINCOLNSHIRE RED SHORTHORNS 



termed short with relation to the same parts in the Long- 

 horned breed. 



" In comparing these varieties of cattle with the races of 

 the opposite continent, the large dingy breed of the fens 

 may be compared with the native black cattle of the flats and 

 marshes of Holland ; and the more varied kinds north of the 

 H umber with those of Holstein and Jutland, whence the 

 finest cattle of the North of Europe have been derived. . . . 

 But at a long subsequent period, near our own times, it 

 appears that cattle were frequently brought from the opposite 

 continent, and mingled with the native varieties. They were 

 chiefly imported from Holland, the cows of which country 

 were the most celebrated of all others in the North of Europe, 

 for the abundance of milk and their uses for the dairy." 



It has been already shown that the refining of the Short- 

 horn breed and concentrating the characteristic known as 

 " quality," began in Durham and North Yorkshire, and that, 

 from this fountain flowed in many directions the best Short- 

 horn blood. Three bulls were secured at the Collings' sale in 

 1810 for Lincolnshire ; and, following the common practice of 

 the time, the service of many other bulls were no doubt hired 

 from leading Shorthorn breeders to run for a season among 

 the old Lincolnshire herds. 



Thomas Turnell, Beasley, Wragby, before the beginning 

 of the nineteenth century owned, on the authority of Arthur 

 Young, a very excellent herd of cattle of medium size, which 

 " originally came from the neighbourhood of Darlington " 

 the centre of the home of the improved Shorthorn. Turnell 

 may be credited with leading the fashion for a deep cherry- 

 red colour of hair, now so much appreciated among export 

 cattle. Other early successful breeders were Baumber of 

 Somersby, Cartwright of Tathwell, Oliver of Eresby, and 

 Lord Willoughby de Eresby the last introducing them to 

 the extreme south of the county. 



" The Lincolnshire type of Shorthorns (says the preface 

 to the Lincolnshire Red Shorthorn Association Herd Register) 

 is now distinguished by its length of frame, good constitution, 

 great hardiness, capacity for milk, and great weight of carcase ; 

 8 to 10 cwts. being usual weights for grass-fed three-year-old 

 bullocks, and up to 24 cwts. for stall-fed cattle." 



There is an annual sale of bulls at the Lincoln April 

 Fair, held under the auspices of the Association where the 



