98 NON-PEDIGREE SHORTHORNS 



BULLS USED IN 1904 AND 1905. 



"Burton Rex" (2131), bred at Burton. His dam, "Coa-Fox," yielded over 

 5000 gallons of milk after her five calves. 



" Scampton Expansion " (4093), cost 130 guineas. A 1st prize Royal winner, 

 from a fine Dairy Cow, and sold to Chili for 200 guineas. 



41 Burton Challenger" (3265). ^150 refused for this bull when ten months old. 

 Dam, "Burton Margaret": the biggest and best Dairy Cow ever owned in the 

 Burton Herd. She holds the record for milk producing at Tring 7^ gallons in 

 24 hours the largest trials in England. After her fourth calf she gave 1534 

 gallons of milk ; after her fifth calf she gave 1258 gallons of milk : an average of 

 over 4 gallons per day. 



"Burton Carl" (3777). Sire, "Burton Rex"; dam, "Dolly II.," the best 

 Show Cow in the Herd. 



The non-pedigree Shorthorn is bred to greatest perfec- 

 tion on a large scale in the more sheltered dales and the 

 lowland country of the North and West of England chiefly 

 Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire, and Yorkshire. Milch 

 cows of the older type of Teeswater cattle are there reared 

 and sold when at their prime, after the fourth or fifth calf, to 

 supply the needs of town dairies such as those of Edinburgh 

 and Leith, Glasgow, and other large centres of population in 

 Scotland, the North of England, and London, where there is 

 a ready demand for milk at high prices for immediate con- 

 sumption. The Yorkshire cows are smaller than the West 

 Country cows, but they show good Shorthorn quality, and are 

 deep milkers. For animals of large size and strong bone the 

 districts about Kendal and Preston are noted. 



In the higher valleys, the recent home of the hardy 

 Longhorn (see page 107), where the climate is too severe for 

 the pure Shorthorn to give satisfactory results, crossing with 

 Scotch West Highland cows has been very successful, but 

 the progeny are more appreciated at home than in the town 

 dairies, although a few are found there under the name of 

 " half Scots." They are large framed and rough coated, and 

 are good milkers, although the udders may be badly shaped. 

 The dark-greys, which are often produced by a light- 

 coloured Shorthorn bull on a black West Highland cow, are 

 in favour on their merits as hardy general-purpose cattle. 

 The progeny of the cross cows are not very reliable breeders 

 about the second or third generation. As the bulls are 

 selected from what have been recognised as pure Shorthorns 

 for generations, and from heavy milking cows, the great 



