HISTORICAL AUTHORITIES 141 



Morgan Evans attempted in 1867 to form a Herd Book, but 

 breeders were not fully alive to its value, and he did not 

 receive the necessary support : the knowledge of the value 

 of registration is now widespread. 



Harvey says: "The Black Cattle are natives of the 

 counties of Pembroke, Carmarthen, and Cardigan (not of 

 Radnorshire or Breconshire), and are more generally known 

 as Pembrokeshire Blacks, subdivided into Castlemartin and 

 Dewsland breeds. They also extend along the North Wales 

 coast up to Anglesea, and are then called the North Wales or 

 Anglesea breed. . . . The breed of Black Cattle is generally 

 supposed to be descended from the Bos primigenius, and is 

 allied to the wild cattle in Chillingham Park, and also to the 

 Devons. ... It may be described as a horned breed, generally 

 of black colour, and frequently with white marks on the udders 

 of the cows, also a few white hairs at the end of the tail. 

 Sometimes a few white hairs are mixed up with the coat, but 

 this is not always hereditary, and only comes out occasionally. 

 A brown-black approaching chocolate is considered a good 

 colour. Occasionally there are some cows striped red and 

 black, also some quite white, with black ears, muzzles, and 

 feet. . . . The horns should be of a rich yellow; they are 

 generally tipped with black, and do not come out yellow to 

 the very end like the Herefords. ... A bull's horn should 

 be low and well spread, the cow's narrower, and the pitch 

 more upright. A really good animal of the black breed 

 should approach very closely in shape to the modern 

 fashionable breeds, and by careful and judicious crossing 

 this has sometimes been attained. . . . The special 

 characteristics of the blacks, which make them so valuable, 

 are (i) hardihood of constitution, (2) aptitude for dairy 

 purposes, (3) docility." 



Although the cattle of North and of South Wales are 

 acknowledged to form but one breed, and to be so closely 

 allied to each other as to freely mingle blood without the 

 results usual to cross-breeding supervening, still there are 

 differences in the two types which will for a time attract the 

 attention of a close observer. 



Marshall (1782) says, Rural Economy 0/ Gloucester, 

 page 212: "Welsh cattle are extremely various: every 

 province of the principality seems to send out a separate 



animals of the Castlemartin, Dewsland, and Anglesea breeds, with an 

 introductory article by Richard Hart Harvey, of Slade Hall, 1874 ; and 

 (b) The South Wales Black Cattle Herd Book^ of animals of the Castle- 

 martin and Dewsland breeds, 1874. 



