1 78 CATTLE GALLOWAYS 



calves produced by a Shorthorn bull, if he be white or light 

 roan, are prevalently blue-grey or uniform mealy roan, 

 polled, and much more like the Galloway than the Shorthorn. 

 At times the colour is black, and on rare occasions white with 

 black points. Alex. Gordon, of Cullinaw, Castle Douglas, has 

 bred a considerable number of white crosses with black points 

 by a white Shorthorn bull from grey cows possessing very little 

 cross blood, and on one occasion from a pure Galloway cow. 



A strawberry roan or red bull gets more red crosses than 

 blue-greys. So important is the matter of colour and so 

 superior the blue-grey as a market quality, that white 

 Shorthorn bulls are being systematically bred to supply the 

 Galloway breeders in the North of England from two white 

 parents, to emphasize the white tendency. 



White cattle with black noses, a few black hairs about the 

 ear, and the dark Galloway eye are common in the Galloway 

 cattle district of Northumberland. They are mostly the 

 result of a second cross, a Shorthorn bull on a blue-grey 

 heifer, although this marking sometimes occurs in the first 

 cross. " General " (Plate LX.), the blue-grey bullock which in 

 1897 was champion at Norwich, Birmingham, and Smithfield, 

 was by a Galloway bull out of a white Shorthorn cow. 



During five years from September 1900, J. Shields, at 

 Dolphinstone, Tranent, has made an excellent record with an 

 annual purchase of about fifty mixed market heifers rising 

 two years old, selected for breeding cross calves to a white 

 Shorthorn bull. The price paid has varied with the general 

 run of cattle prices from about eight to ten guineas, though in 

 1905 the rates were a little less. The sires of the breeding 

 heifers were Galloway bulls, but their dams included Ayr- 

 shires, cross-bred dairy cows, non-pedigree Galloways, and a 

 few animals entered in the Galloway Herd Book. After being 

 wintered out-of-doors, and put to the bull about the end of 

 March, the heifers continue at pasture and incur no expense 

 for artificial food till the calves begin to drop about the 

 following Christmas. They then get the shelter of an airy 

 cattle court, and are fed on sliced turnips, mixed meal and 

 straw, and each calf follows its mother. When a year old, 

 four-fifths of the calves weigh about 7 cwts. each. Those 

 that are good enough for show purposes are kept going 

 forward with a liberal supply of linseed and other cakes, 



