342 DAIRYING COWS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT 



part of the screw cap, open at one end to the nozzle and open 

 at the other end towards the inside of the cylinder, i.e., 

 towards the cotton wool ; on to this cylindrical piece (g) a 

 circle of silk is placed (i), and this is held down and kept in 

 place by a loose ring of metal (h), which when fitted on and 

 pressed down fits tightly on the cylindrical piece (g). The 

 air follows the direction of the arrows ; is pumped through 

 the cotton wool, through the fine silk, and through the rubber 

 tube (E) to the milking tube. The silk is so fine that no 

 cotton wool could possibly pass through it. After use, the 

 screw cap (D') with the silk and loose ring, the attached 

 rubber tube and the milking tube, should all be placed in 

 I in 20 of carbolic acid, then dried and kept ready for use in a 

 glass vessel covered by a perfectly antiseptic gauze." 



The machine is made by Krohne & Sesemann, of Duke 

 Street, Manchester Square, London, and costs i8s. 6d. 



The most acute symptoms of trembling or loupin' ill 



in cows are much like those of milk-fever, though the cause 

 is quite different. The disease, which is local and infrequent 

 among cattle, is described under " Sheep" at page 673. 



Weed, felling after calving, or adynamia. Lean cows 

 often go down and are unable to rise within a few days after 

 calving, if exposed to cold, especially to draughts, and are as 

 helpless as regards ability to rise as those suffering from milk- 

 fever. The great difference of this disease as compared with 

 milk-fever is, that there is no delirium, no pressure of blood on 

 the brain, and the animal often eats and drinks normally, and 

 will even milk heavily for a time. The method of nursing is the 

 same, only part of the treatment is varied to suit the difference 

 of conditions bleeding, or the application of cold water to 

 the head, for example, being unnecessary. Weed may be 

 altogether prevented by keeping a cow in warm and com- 

 fortable quarters after calving, and by covering the back with 

 a sheet for a few days. A warm skin from a newly 

 slaughtered sheep in full wool is a favourite means of supply- 

 ing heat to the back while the animal is unable to rise. 



Inflammation of the Udder, or Gargot, is generally 

 due to the presence of pathogenic germs in the milk ducts 

 of the mammary glands, although there are various deter- 

 mining causes, such as exposure to cold, bad milking, over- 

 stocking, and mechanical injury, as by horning, or the intro- 

 duction of a dirty milk syphon. " In mild cases there is little 



