382 GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF PIGS 



This calculation leaves a net profit to the producer of 

 is. per stone, or I2s. per pig, in addition to the manure; 

 but to the cottar the pig is also his bank, and to the small 

 Irish crofter he is "the gintleman that pays the rint." 

 The great advantage in feeding pigs is in the utilisation of 

 light or inferior grains which cannot be marketed unless at 

 a price below their feeding value, small or injured potatoes, 

 or the refuse produce from the dairy, more especially whey 

 and butter-milk. It ought to be possible to secure a greater 

 price for separated milk in large towns or on rail than id. 

 per gallon, which is more than its full value for feeding 

 pigs. It is a fact, nevertheless, that the consumption of 

 skim-milk in the large centres of population has greatly 

 decreased since milk-separators have been so generally 

 introduced, and since the full-milk trade has expanded to 

 the working classes ; but much separated milk is used in the 

 baking of fancy breads, and an increasing demand exists for 

 it in certain centres for drying by the Just-Hatmaker process. 



One gallon of sweet-milk-whey may be valued at Jd., 

 and as equivalent to I Ib. of meal if given in pig-feeding 

 along with solid food. It is usual to estimate 550 gallons 

 of milk as a good average yield per cow in a well-conducted 

 summer dairy. One gallon of milk weighs 10 Ibs. 4 oz., 

 and i Ib. of curd is removed in cheese-making from i gallon 

 of milk, leaving about -^ of the original weight as whey, or 

 say 495 gallons, which, calculated at |d. = 2os. 7|d., or 

 roughly, i per cow. When meal for pig-feeding was rated 

 at f d. per Ib., whey per cow was estimated to be worth 30$., 

 and would be so again, should a rise take place in the prices 

 of grain stuffs. Fjord's Danish experiments show that in 

 fattening pigs i Ib. of rye or barley-meal is equivalent to 

 6 Ibs. of skim milk, or 12 Ibs. of whey and i Ib. of meal is the 

 equivalent of 8 Ibs. of mangels or 4 Ibs. of potatoes. 



The number of pigs which may be kept in connection 

 with a dairy of sixty cows, when sufficient meal is supplied to 

 make good pork, is about seventy if they be killed at six 

 months old, weighing about 12 stones each (fifty being 

 finished off in the summer half-year, and twenty in spring and 

 autumn) in addition to ten young breeders and a boar. 

 The extra pigs reared but not required to feed should be 

 sold at five or six weeks old. 



