BREEDS RELATED TO THE $COTCH BLACKFACE 533 



Kendal and Eden to the higher mountains of Cumberland 

 and Westmorland on the west, and by the Carter Fell 

 into Scotland, where it occupies the great range of greywacke 

 hills stretching from St Abb's Head on the east to the 

 Irish Channel on the west. It stretches through the upper 

 part of Lanarkshire into Argyllshire, and all through the 

 Highlands of Scotland, from the Grampians to the Pentland 

 Firth. It has spread to all the Hebrides, and even to the 

 islands of Orkney and Shetland." 



The sheep described by Lowe in 1842 and Youatt in 

 1837 is now represented by at least seven very distinct sections 

 which might rank as separate breeds. They have been 

 modified by local surroundings and different methods of 

 treatment, and no doubt to some extent by crossing with 

 other breeds. These are : 



(1) The Scotch Blackface Highland ; 



(2) The Lonk ; 



(3) The " Rough " sheep, a mountain breed. 



(4) The Dales breeds, represented by the Swaledale, 

 probably the purest and most important of them ; 



(5) The Derbyshire Gridstone ; 



(6) The Penistone breed ; and 



(7) The Limestone breed. 



The two last have undergone the most striking change 

 from the black or mottled face and legs, to white. The rest, 

 with one exception, are very similar to each other in the 

 colour of the hair on their faces and limbs. Youatt says, 

 " the moorland sheep are horned and have black or mottled 

 faces and legs. Their horns spread wide, and they bear 

 much resemblance to the Norfolks. The covering of their 

 buttocks is mere hair, resembling the shag of the goat more 

 than the wool of a sheep ; but this is considered to be a 

 mark of hardiness." 



Culley, one of the oldest and most reliable authorities, 

 refers to the dun or Tan-faced sheep as he early occupants 

 of the high mountain ranges of the North of England and 

 parts of Scotland, which were in his day the territory of the 

 Heath breed. " Their faces (and legs) were of a dun or tawny 

 colour ; the wool fine and mixed and streaked with different 

 colours. They were hardy and required little trouble, polled, 

 small in size weighing, at four or five years old, not more 



