EXAMPLES OF STOCKING OF FARMS 701 



biscuit-makers, confectioners, chocolate-makers, restaurants, 

 etc. The greatest demand for it has been for chocolate 

 making, but its general introduction is merely a matter of 

 time, as it is a pure product of the farm in a most convenient 

 form. The price at wholesale rates does not exceed that now 

 being paid for milk from a town dairy. It will also prove an 

 immense boon to long-voyage ships at sea, and to armies 

 in the field. The success of the Just-Hatmaker process, 

 especially in conjunction with the success of the milking 

 machine, has put under requisition for milk-supply purposes 

 vast tracts of land in Australasia and South America, which 

 may thus enter into direct competition with the dairy industry 

 of this country. 



APPENDIX B 



Two TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF THE STOCKING OF FARMS 

 IN SOUTHERN AND MIDLAND ENGLAND 



Data for Use in the Calculations. 1 



HORSES. 3 are kept per 100 acres arable on light land ; 4 kept 

 per 100 acres arable on heavy land ; cost per annum for feeding 

 each horse, ^25 ; with shoeing and sundry bills extra, ^30 ; one 

 man and pair of horses cost ^100 to ,110 a year. 2 



Grass at 35. 6d. per week for 22 weeks, = ^3, 173., which would pay 

 the rent of i| or 2 acres. One acre of good old pasture, at least, should 

 be set aside per horse. 



Hay, 24 Ibs. per day for 7 months = nearly 2| tons per horse. Con- 

 suming value, taken at half the sale value, = 1 to 2, los. per ton ; or 

 use i ton of hay and i ton of good oat straw. 



Litter, i| ton for the winter season. Averaging the yield of oats at 

 52 bushels per acre, 2 acres are consumed per horse when 3 bushels are 

 given per week in winter and I bushel in summer. So much of this 

 might be sold, and beans, bran, and other suitable feeding stuffs bought 

 to take its place. 



Sheep. 2 ewes with 2| lambs (a fair crop), or i\ lambs (a good crop), 

 are kept per acre on medium pasture in summer. 



1 The prices current in 1885 are still retained, consequently allowance will 

 require to be made from time to time for the fluctuation of the markets. 



2 The figures are stated for ordinary farm horses which do no exceptional 

 amount of carting on the road. The cost of feeding the large lorry, van, or cart 

 horse in town, where food requires to be purchased at the highest rates, amounts 

 to about 145. weekly, or ^36 per annum, but this sum may vary, probably 2s. per 

 week up or down, with the nature of the work done. 



