Forest Utilization 207 



for the family supply. But even when firewood is the only 

 product, the same care should be taken in cutting to 

 keep the stand in good condition. 



In the older hardwood districts in which there are 

 furniture factories, there are several species which are 

 exceedingly valuable, especially the older trees. These 

 are the white oak, black walnut, black cherry and yellow 

 poplar. Such trees should be valued very carefully before 

 they are sold, and they should be sold as individual trees, 

 never by the acre or thousand feet. The buyer should be 

 brought to the grounds and asked to place a value on the 

 tree after a careful inspection. If possible, several buyers 

 should be made to bid for the trees. The tree should 

 then be cut according to the buyer's direction. If the 

 tree is cut without this precaution, and the logs hauled 

 to the factory to be sold, the special value of the tree may 

 have been destroyed. In the black walnut, for example, 

 the particularly valuable parts are the stump and the 

 curly grain near the branches. Unless special directions 

 are obtained for the cutting, these parts are likely to be 

 lost. Some of these trees, worth more than a hundred 

 dollars, are ignorantly cut up into firewood. However, it 

 must not be thought that all trees of this species are so 

 valuable ; it is only the large, old trees, and even some of 

 those have no special value beyond being good lumber. 



FOR CONSTRUCTION TIMBERS 



Different requirements are necessary for timbers to 

 be used in outside, or exposed, and inside construction. 

 When the wood is exposed to the weather or more partic- 

 ularly to contact with the ground, durability in these 



