152 SECRETS OF EARTH AND SEA 



That some, at any rate, of the evils attributed to 

 " miscegenation " are due to the baneful influence of " pride 

 of race " is evident from the fact that the Portuguese (with 

 the exception of a small aristocratic class) have not since the 

 early days of the fourteenth century, perhaps in consequence 

 of established association with the Moorish and other 

 North African races, shown that pride of race and aversion 

 to mixture with dark-skinned races which is so strong a 

 feature in the Anglo-Saxons, their successors and rivals 

 as colonists. The long-standing admixture of black blood 

 in the Portuguese population before the colonization of 

 South America, has led to a toleration on the part of the 

 Portuguese colonists of" miscegenation," both with Indians 

 and the liberated descendants of imported negro slaves. 

 The consequence is that in Brazil there is no condemnation 

 of black blood ; children of mixed parentage and of 

 coloured race attend the same schools as those of European 

 blood, and freely associate with them. There is no notion 

 that that portion of the population which is of mixed 

 negro, Indian, and white blood is less vigorous or fertile 

 than the unmixed, nor that vice and feebleness are the 

 characteristics of the former, whilst virtue and capacity 

 belong to the latter. 



The determined hostility of the Anglo-Saxon race in 

 North America and in British India to "miscegenation" 

 is in the case of the United States to be explained by 

 the peculiar relation of a large slave population in the 

 Southern States to a pure white slave-owning race : whilst 

 in India we have a handful of white men temporarily 

 stationed as rulers of millions of " natives," but never 

 accepting India as their home. The attitude of the 

 Anglo-Saxon race to the North American Indians, and 

 also to the Maoris of New Zealand, has never been so 

 extreme in the matter of miscegenation as it has been 

 to negroid people and to the very different though dark- 



