282 SEEDING AND PLANTING 



When fresh seed of the following broadleaved indigenous species 

 is sown in drills spaced from 6 to 10 inches and the stock is per- 

 mitted to remain but a single year in the seedbed before trans- 

 ferring to the plantation, the following amount should be used for 

 each 100 square feet of seedbed. 



Black walnut 4-6 qts. 



Shagbark hickory. 2|-3 qts. 



Red oak 2-3 qts. 



White oak and chestnut lf-2 qts. 



Beech 3|-4| qts. 



Tulip 5-8 Ib. 



Black locust, catalpa, and elm T&~? lh. 



Ash, box elder, and Osage orange f-^ Ib. 



Honey locust, sugar maple, and basswood %-} Ib. 



When the stock is transferred to the transplant bed after the 

 first year, fully twice as much seed can be advantageously used. 

 When the stock remains in the seedbed for a second year or when 

 the drills are wide spaced, one-half as much seed should be used. 



20. QUANTITY OF SEED PER UNIT OF AREA IN BROADCAST SEED- 

 ING. Views differ so widely as to the best amount of seed to 

 use with different species and under different conditions that it 

 is impossible to give average data. In general, coniferous seed 

 should be sown in sufficient quantity to produce from 50 to 200 

 seedlings per square foot, depending upon the species, their rapidity 

 of growth, and the length of time that they are to remain in the 

 seedbed. It is far better to sow thick than to sow thin, as an 

 overdense stand can be thinned to the required density in the 

 first weeding. 



Pettis 1 gives the following as the amount of seed to sow for each 

 48 square feet of seedbed when fresh seed of average viability is 

 used, when the seedlings are to remain in the seedbed for two 

 years and then are set in the transplant bed, and when the beds 

 are sown in the spring. 



Oz. Oz. 



White pine 10 Norway spruce 8 



Red pine 6 White spruce 8 



Scotch pine 8 European larch 16 



Jack pine 6 Hemlock 8 



Pitch pine 10 Balsam 12 



Red spruce 6 Arbor-vitse 6 



1 Pettis, C. R.: How to grow and plant conifers in the northeastern states. 



(U. S. Forest Service, Bui. 76, p. 34. 1909.) 



