ESTABLISHING FORESTS BY PLANTING 



443 



ing of the trees with the least disturbance of the soil, which is 

 an advantage on sloping sites where the soil is likely to wash away 

 when disturbed and loosened by ordinary planting methods. 

 This method has been . successfully employed in planting small 



FIG. 140. Oblique planting. 



seedling beech under cover in some parts of France and Ger- 

 many. 1 It is a rapid and inexpensive method of planting but 

 subjects the plants to heavy loss except on sites where abundance 

 of moisture is retained in the surface soil. It succeeds better in 

 underplanting than on open sites. Perona 2 states that large hard- 

 wood stock can be successfully planted by this method when the 

 soil conditions are favorable. Emeis 3 recommends this method 

 for planting 1- and 2-year seedlings in ordinary planting holes 

 made with the spade or grub-hoe. The hole is made with one 

 side sloping about 30 degrees from the vertical and the plants 

 are inserted with the roots against this side. The earth is filled 

 in and firmed with the feet. It permits the setting of the plant 

 quickly without bending or doubling back the roots which is likely 

 to occur in vertical planting unless special care is taken. It also 

 permits the firming of the soil quickly about the roots. 



Most foresters object to oblique planting because of the sloping 

 position of the tree and the possibility of its affecting the straight- 

 ness of the timber. This objection has little importance in plant- 

 ing on high mountains for protection purposes. 



1 Mayr, Heinrich: Waldbau auf naturgesetzlicher Grundlage. S. 421. 

 Berlin, 1909. 



2 Perona, C. V.: Economia forestale. p. 85. Milan, 1892. 



3 Emeis, Forstdirektor: Die Schragpflanzung im Forstbetriebe. (Allge- 

 meine Forst- u. Jagd-Zeitung, S. 185. 1899.) 



