SELLING LUMBER 



321 



facture, but should add to its desirable qualities by excellence of 

 finish, all other conclusions are fallacies. 



Now finally as to grading grade as close to established rules 

 as careful consideration of the rules enables you to grade, for the 

 rules established will always represent the best conclusions so far 

 arrived at. No manufacturer has so much margin of profit, or to 



, f 



such a surplus of excellence in his timber that he can overgrade, lished Rules 

 and the grading bureau of the Southern Pine Association to which 

 disputes must be referred for adjustment is sure to show up any 

 undergrading that is referred to them for determination. 



The great result desired in any trade is profitable manufac- 

 ture and satisfied and well served customers, and both cannot be 

 secured except by suitable selection of material for each commod- 

 ity. Wide ringed loblolly does not produce acceptable joist or 

 timbers, but if fairly free of knots it produces beautiful grain 

 effects as finish. If knotty it serves as well as any for sheath- 

 ing, floor lining, etc. Firm red heart will outlast any other heart 

 lumber that is not water-proofed by pitch; it takes paint perfectly 

 but it does not stand wear as well. A coarse, knotted board will The Right 

 serve as well as a clear board in certain places ; a wormy studding 

 will hold nails and stand as firm as if the worm holes were not 

 there, therefore I hold that grading for yard stock is not merely 

 the separation of the lumber after manufacture, but that it begins 

 with the cutting of the tree, extends throughout the sawing, dry- 

 ing and planing of the lumber, even to the manner in which it is 

 loaded into the cars, where care in its bestowal -can insure its es- 

 cape from many defects added to it by the vicissitudes of transpor- 

 tation, and the shock of many sudden stops and starts. 



Finally, I would sum all the foregoing into a few words about 

 as follows: 



Know your trees and their physical anatomy, manufacture 

 them so that their desirable physical characteristics will be best 

 employed, and not into commodities where such physical charac- Put the Brand 



teristics are objectionable; add no defects by carelessness or neglect, of Excellence 



; , f on Each Piece 



but on each piece endeavor to put the brand ot excellence of manu- 



facture, then grade or classify according to recognized and estab- 

 lished grading rules and the best possible results will be had. 



