SELLINGLUMBER 465 



is in. The encasement may be partial or complete; if inter- 

 grown partially or so fixed by growth or position that it will 

 retain its place in the piece, it shall be considered a sound knot ; 

 if completely intergrown on one face, it is a watertight knot. 



A loose knot is one not firmly held in place by growth or 

 position. 



An unsound knot is one not as hard as the wood it is m. 



WANE 



Wane is bark, or the lack of wood from any cause, on edges 

 of timbers. 



SHAKES 



Shakes are splits or checks in timbers which usually cause 

 a separation of the wood between annual rings. 



Ring shake: An opening between the annual rings. 



Through shake : A shake which extends between two faces 

 of a timber. 



Shakes not hereinbefore described unless known to have 

 extensive penetration shall not be considered a defect under this 

 classification. 



SIZES 



All rough timber, except No. 1 Common, must be full size 

 when green. One-quarter inch shall be allowed for each side 

 surfaced. 



LENGTHS 



Standard lengths are multiples of two feet, eight to twenty 

 feet, inclusive, extra lengths are multiples of two feet, twenty*- 

 two feet and longer. When lineal average is specified, standard 

 of lengths shall be multiples of one foot. 



GRADES OF TIMBERS. 



HEART TIMBERS 



All timber specifications, except "Merchantable" specifying 

 heart requirement, shall be considered as a special contract, and 

 shall specify whether the heart requirements refer to cubical 

 contents or surface measurements in each piece. 



No. 1 COMMON TIMBERS 



May be either Dense or Sound Pine. 



