40 JOSEPH U. YARB ROUGH 



used in the experiments of this monograph learned the negative 

 response to pain before beginning work on their respective prob- 

 lems. In training the animals to make this response two mazes 

 were used. With one group of 23 animals the maze shown in 

 Fig. i was used; and the maze described by Carr and Freeman 

 in the report of their studies 2 was selected for the training of the 

 latter group. The results of the former group are presented 

 first. 



The results for the 23 animals trained on the first mentioned 

 box are given in Table XVII. The first column gives the animal ; 

 the second, the number of trials necessary to establish the desired 

 response, and the third the actual number of turns made by each 

 animal before he attained the adopted standard. Since 90 per 

 cent of correct responses must be made within the last 100 trials, 

 it is obvious that few turns were made until near the end of the 



TABLE XVII 



Animals Trials No. of Turns to Pain 



1 820 112 



2 770 98 

 4 1015 157 

 9 745 107 



10 684 99 



11 890 135 



12 901 151 



13 1024 136 



14 1009 113 

 16 1079 n8 

 19 753 132 



21 715 119 



22 914 128 



23 803 143 



24 926 99 



25 1045 123 



26 III9 102 



27 H34 106 



28 937 ioi 



29 1159 160 



31 1376 124 



32 979 109 



33 1251 n6 



Average 960.6 121.2 



2 Op. cit., p. 466. 



