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watched the pest close enough to say whether such is the 

 case here or not. 



HOW THE "SCALE" is INJURIOUS. 



The Coccidae injure the trees by piercing the bark and 

 sucking the sap. Although so very small the one in 

 question being five one-hundredths of an inch in length-- 

 their numbers often enable them to destroy large trees. 

 Fruit also is greatly diminished in value when infested 

 by them. The male insect does not lose his legs while 

 under the scale, but his beak or sucking apparatus dis- 

 appears. He finally emerges with a pair of gauzy wings, 

 and so different in appearance from the female as fre- 

 quently to be taken for an insect of an entirely distinct 

 order. 



ANOTHER APPLE SCALE 



Which is also found on the pear, is known as Aspidiotus 

 Harisii, has the scale oval, nearly flat, and of a milk 

 white color, while the eggs are red. I do not know that 

 it has been reported as yet in this State. 



WHEN TO DESTROY. 



The greatest execution can undoubtedly be done 

 when the insects are just out of the egg, and not yet cov- 

 ered with their scales. There are many washes which 

 will destroy them at that time, if but a drop touches 

 them. As a rule, alkaline washes of moderate strength 

 are good ; for example, two pounds of potash in seven 

 quarts of water ; diluted lie made from wood ashes ; ^me 

 water, etc. Some years ago Prof. Hilgard advised a nur- 

 seryman in this vicinity to use coal tar water, that is, 

 water that had stood for some time in a barrel with coal 

 tar at the bottom of it, the tar being stirred up occasion- 

 ally. This year the San Jose papers report good results 

 from using this remedy. Any of these may be applied by 

 means of a garden syringe or engine so as to wet every 



