Xll 



CONTENTS. 



Page j 



Carnivorous Plants which exhibit Move- 

 ments in the capture of Prey, - - 140 

 Carnivorous Plants with Adhesive Appa- 

 ratus, 153 



4. ABSORPTION OF NUTRIMENT BY 

 PARASITIC PLANTS. 



Classification of Parasites, - - - - 159 

 Bacteria: Fungi, ...-.- 161 

 Climbing Parasites: Green-leaved Parasites: 



Tooth wort, 171 



Broom-rapes, Balanophoreae, Eafflesiacese, - 183 

 Mistletoes and Loranthuses, - - 204 



Grafting and Budding, - - - - 213 



5. ABSORPTION OF WATER. 



Importance of Water to the Life of a Plant, 216 

 Absorption of Water by Lichens and Mosses, 

 and by Epiphytes furnished with Aerial 

 Boots, 217 



Page 

 Absorption of Eain and Dew by the Foliage- 



leaves, ....... 225 



Development of Absorption-cells in Special 



Cavities and Grooves in the Leaves, - 230 



6. SYMBIOSIS. 



Lichens, - 



Symbiosis of Green-leaved Phanerogams 



with Fungal Mycelia destitute of Chloro- 



phyll : Monotropa, - 



- 243 



249 



Animals and Plants considered as a great 



Symbiotic Community, - 254 



7. CHANGES IN THE SOIL INCIDENT TO 

 THE NUTRITION OF PLANTS. 



Solution, Displacement, and Accumulation 

 of particular Mineral Constituents of 

 the Soil resulting from the Action of 

 Plants, - 257 



Mechanical Changes effected in the ground 



by Plants, ...... 265 



CONDUCTION OF FOOD. 



1. MECHANICS OF THE MOVEMENT OF 

 THE BAW FOOD-SAP. 



Capillarity and Boot-pressure, - - - 269 

 Transpiration, - - - - - - 273 



2. BEGULATION OF TRANSPIRATION. 



Means of accelerating Transpiration, - - 284 

 Maintenance of a Free Passage for Aqueous 



Vapour, - - 290 



3. PREVENTION OF EXCESSIVE TRANSPIRATION. 



Protective Arrangements on the Epidermis, 307 

 Form and Position of the Transpiring 



Leaves and Branches ... - 325 



4. TRANSPIRATION DURING VARIOUS SEASONS 

 OF THE YEAR: TRANSPIRATION OF LIANES. 



Old and Young Leaves, - 347 



Fall of the Leaf,- - 355 



Connection between the Structure of the 



Vascular Tissues and Transpiration, - 362 



5. CONDUCTION OF FOOD-GASES TO THE 

 PLACES OF CONSUMPTION. 



Transmission of the Food-gases in Land and 

 Water Plants and in Lithophytes: Sig- 

 nificance of Aqueous Tissue in the con- 

 duction of Food-gases, - 367 



FOKMATION OF OEGANIC MATTER FROM THE ABSORBED 

 INORGANIC FOOD. 



1. CHLOROPHYLL AND CHLOROPHYLL- 

 GRANULES. 



Chlorophyll-granules and the Sun's Rays, - 371 

 Chlorophyll-granules and the Green Tissue 

 under the Influence of various degrees 

 of Illumination, 379 



2. THE GREEN LEAVES. 



Distribution of the Green Leaves on the Stem, 396 

 Belation between Position and Form of 



Green Leaves, 408 



Arrangements for retaining the Position 



assumed, 424 



Protective Arrangements of Green Leaves 



against the Attacks of Animals, - - 430 



