CONTENTS OF VOLUME SECOND. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Page I 



Sources of a History of Plants, - 



The Language of Botanists, 



Page 

 3 



THE GENESIS OP PLANT-OFFSPEING. 



1. ASEXUAL EEPRODUCTION. 



Spores and Thallidia, - 

 Buds on Roots, - 

 Buds on Stems, - 

 Buds on Leaves, - 



- 8 

 25 



2. EEPRODUCTION BY MEANS OF FRUITS. 



37 



46 



Definition and Classification of Fruits, 

 Fertilization and Fruit-formation in Crypto- 

 gams, -------49 



The Commencement of the Phanerogamic 



Fruit, - - 70 



Ovaries on a Conical Eeceptacle, - - 75 

 Ovaries on a Flat or Excavated Eeceptacle, 76 



Stamens, 85 



Pollen, - 95 



Protection of Pollen, - - 104 



Dispersion of Pollen by the Wind, - - 129 

 Dispersion of Pollen by Animals, - - 152 

 Allurements of Animals with a View to the 



Dispersion of Pollen, - - - - 167 



The Colours of Flowers as a means of At- 

 tracting Animals, - - - - 182 

 The Scent of Flowers as a means of Attract- 

 ing Animals, - - - - - 198 

 Opening of the Passage to the Interior of the 



Flower, - - 209 



Eeception of Flower-seeking Animals at the 



Entrance to the Flower, - - - 221 

 Taking up of Pollen by Insects, - - 243 



Deposition of Pollen, - - 276 



The Crossing of Flowers, - 287 



Autogamy,- - - 331 



Fertilization and Formation of Fruit in 



Phanerogams, - - - - - 401 



3. CHANGE IN EEPRODUCTIVE METHODS. 



Fruits Eeplaced by Offshoots, - 452 

 Parthenogenesis, - 463 

 Heteromorphism and Alternation of Genera- 

 tions, 469 



THE HISTOEY OF SPECIES. 



1. THE NATURE OF SPECIES. 



Definition of Species, 486 



The Specific Constitution of Protoplasm, - 487 



2. ALTERATION IN THE FORM OF SPECIES. 



Dependence of Plant Form on Soil and 



Climate, - - - - - 495 



The Influence of Mutilation on the Form of 



Plants, ...... 514 



Alteration of Form by Parasitic Fungi, - 518 

 Alteration of Form by Gall-producing Insects, 527 

 Genesis of New Forms as a Eesult of Crossing, 554 



3. THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES. 



The Genesis of New Species, - 576 



Derivation of Existing Species, - - 595 



Subdivisions of the Vegetable Kingdom, - 600 

 Classification of Plants proposed by the 



Editor, 616 



