ANGIOSPERM.E, DICOTYLEDONES. 



'79 



same ground as the Beech, and, in the Central Alps, even extends beyond the upper 

 limit of the Beech. Fossil remains are found in the Mesozoic and Tertiary strata. 

 The number of known species now living is about 9000. 



Alliance LVII. Crateranthse. 



Families: Leguminosce, Rosacece, Saxifragacece, Escalloniacece, Cephalotacece, 

 Francoacece, Grassulacece, Hydrangeacece, Ribesacece, Pkiladelphacece, 

 Styracacece, Hamamelidacece, Rhamnacece. 



Annual and perennial herbs, shrubs, and trees. Flowers abundant; actino- 

 morphic and zygomorphic; hermaphrodite, pseudo-hermaphrodite, monoecious, and 

 dioecious. Floral - leaves in 

 two 4-5-merous whorls, the 

 lower whorl a calyx, the upper 

 a corolla. Both whorls spring 

 from the pitcher-shaped, bowl- 

 shaped, or flat hypanthium, 

 the petals always from the 

 edge, the sepals, in part, also 

 from the base of the hypan- 

 thium. In the last case the 

 tube of the calyx is adnate 

 to the external surface of the 

 hypanthium. The gynseceum 

 is in the middle of the hypan- 

 thium, and consists either of 

 a single carpel with a uni- 

 locularovary(seefigs.438* 1 > 3 ' 4 ), 



or of several separate unilocu- 



lar carpels (see fig. 438* 2 , and 



p. 74, fig. 208 2 ), or of 2-many 



united carpels inclosing a 



multilocular ovary which may 



be adnate to the surrounding 



Fig. 488.-Crateranth8B. 



z AUI imvf*w *sv*f- 



o >ea rt Chrytobalanus (Family Rosace*, 



hypanthium at the base only, ^^^^^.AJ^m^r^^^^^ 

 or from the base to the M*>H<MM*> (Ae 



middle, or from > the *JJ * ovules are situated on the ventral suture, 



the top (see p. 74, fig. 2 stamens ing from the 



and therefore in the inner angles o tfa ^^ rf ^ members 



edge of the hypanthium (see fig. > "J^* drupe; nut , berry, &c.), and the 

 each. The fruit is very various (po^, ^ ^ ^Lfir.miishinff the numerous 





