INDEX. 



Food-absorption, by coral-like and tuberous 



caulomes, i. 114. 



by Mildews, i. 166. 



by water, marsh, &c., plants, i. 75. 



general consideration of, i. 55. 



movements related to, i. 56. 



of Monotropa, i. 253. 



osmosis in, i. 59. 



similarity of, in Moulds, Toad-stools, 



and Discomycetes, i. 163. 



theory of, i. 57. 



Food-gases, transmission, i. 367. 

 Food-material, gaseous, i. 367. 



ultimate destination, i. 371. 



Food-salts, absorption by water-plants, i. 78. 



absorption of, i. 67. 



accumulation in uppermost layers of 



earth, through action of plants, i. 259. 



application of term, i. 66. 



cause of movement, i. 72. 



conduction, t. 513. 



dilute solutions best, i. 73. 



examples of selection by plants, i. 69. 



in liquid of water-receptacles, i. 242. 



raw, mechanics of movement, i. 269. 



theory of absorption, i. 85. 



transport, i. 366. 



Foot, of Acetabularia, ii. 647. 



of Liverwort sporophyte, ii. 6%. 



of young Fern sporophyte, ii. 475. 

 Force, due to growth and ice formation, i. 



517. 



of growing cells, i. 513. 

 Forcing, of plants, i. 564. 

 Foreign pollen and stigma, ii. 404. 

 Forest flowers, characteristics, i. 655. 

 Forests, type of community, ii. 887, 892. 

 Forget-me-not. See Myosotis. 

 Fork-mosses, White leaved. See Leucobryum. 

 Form, in plants, on what it depends, i 50. 

 Formic acid, i. 463. 



in Nepenthes pitcher, i. 135. 



in stinging hairs, i. 441. 



offensive weapon of ants, ii. 233. 



Formic aldehyde, formation in assimilation, 



i. 456. 

 Formica exsecta, protection of Serratula, ii 



242. 

 Forsythia viridissima, Japan, reserve-buds 



ii. 32. 

 Fossil Palms, ii. 742. 



plants, agents in preservation, ii. 612. 



ancestors of modern plants, ii. 595 



and modern distribution, ii. 2. 



Mosses, occurrence, ii. 704. 



Myxomycetes, ii. 619. 



Vascular Cryptogams, cause of preserv 



tion, ii. 612. 



Fossores and Asclepiads, ii. 258. 

 Foster, discoverer of Balanophora fungosa 



i. 190. 

 Foster-parent, selection of, by Orobancheue 



i. 185. 



Foster-root, of Lophophytum, i. 194. 

 Foster-soil, on trees, i. 106. 

 Fourcroya, ii. 734. 



cohering pollen-grains, ii. 97. 

 Foxglove. See Diyitalis. 



force of root-pressure in, i. 273. 

 Fox-tail Grass. See Alopecurus. 

 Fragaria, i. 708. 



nectary, ii. 174. 



persistent receptacle, ii. 435. 



procumbent, i. 661. 

 pull of roots, i. 767. 



runner, i. 664. 



specific scents, ii. 488. 



Fragaria grandiflora, runner section, i. 735 

 Fragaria vesca, fruit-ripening constant, i. 559 



vegetative propagation, ii. 801. 



Fragillariavirescens, ii. 626. 



Fragraja obovata, lattice on palm-stem, i. 681 



'supporting roots, structure, i. 761. 

 France, South-west, plants with evergree 



rolled leaves, i. 306. 



Francisia eximia, leaf section, i. 279, 285. 

 Frangulinse, of Braun, ii. 605. 



rankenia, habitat, extreme aridity of, i. 237. 



salt on leaves and stein, i. 23 '. 

 rankia Alni, gall on Alnus roots, ii. 521. 

 raxinella. St-e Dicininnuxfraxinella. 

 raxinus, arrangement of foliage-leaves, i. 92. 



bark, i. 720. 



bud-scales, i. 626. 



flowering, ii. 150. 



leaf, grooved rachis, i. 232. 



section, i. 232. 



peltate group of cells, i. 232. 

 pollarding, ii. 37. 



pollination, ii. 138. 

 raxinus excelsior, age, i. 722. 



and gall of Diplosis Cotularia. ii. 534. 



dimensions, i. 722. 



distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



&c., fasciation, ii. 549. 



fruit and seed. ii. 428. 



inflorescences and flowers, ii. 138. 



protogynous, ii. 312. 



IVaxinus nana, callus, ii. 30. 



Traxinus onins, iminrfi-rt nowers, ii. 291 

 scent, il. 200. 



?ree cell-formation, nature of, i. 575. 

 .Freezing of plants, i. 539. 

 modern views, i. 540. 



protection from, i. 546. 



theoretical considerations, i. 556. 

 Fritillaria and insect visits, ii. 222. 



autogamy, ii. 332. 



epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 



nectaries, ii. 177. 



protection of pollen, ii. 118. 



waxy coating, ii. 237. 



Fritillaria cirrhosa, &c., tendrils, i. 692. 

 Fritillaria imperialis, ii. 731. 



anther, ii. 90. 



bulb scales, i. 624. 



hermaphrodite and staminate flowers, 



ii. 297. 



Fritillaria meleagris, duration of flowering, 

 ii. 213. 



?rogbit. See Hydrocharis. 

 Frond, of Fern, characteristics, il. 705. 



morphological value, ii. 12. 



functions, ii. 476. 



ftondosse, of Braun, ii. 605. 



Frondose community, ii. 888, 893. 

 Frost, and leaf-fall, i. 359. 



and young foliage, L 545. 

 Frozen, gardeners' use of word, i. 356. 

 Fructification, of Fungi, colour, i. 165. 



of Loranthus Europwus, i. 211. 

 Fruit, accessory structures, ii. 433. 



and seed of Coniferse, ii. 441. 



boring, i. 618. 



botanical definition, ii. 47. 



broad sense, ii. 6, 427. 



green, L 376. 



of Dudresnaya, ii. 50. 



of Erysipheue, ii. 60. 



of Ferns, ii. 68, 475. 



of Fucus, ii. 53. 



of Muscinese, ii. 66. 



of Penicillium. ii. 60. 



of Peronosporeae, ii. 56. 



of Vaucheria, ii. 58. 



ripening and allurement, ii. 446. 



types of, ii. 427. 



Fruit-formation, essential conditions, IL 70 



in AspergUlus and PenicUlium, U. 18. 



in Eurotium, ii. 679. 



Fruitful and unfruitful years, ii. 471. 

 Fruiting spike, of Arum maculatum, ii. 742 

 Fruit-production, result of interference with 



ii. 453. 

 Fruit-ripening of Charace, ii. 62. 



of Equisetacese, ii. 68. 



of Floridese, ii. 62. 



of Marsilia, Salvinia, and Selaginella. 



ii. 69. 



of Muscinese, ii. 61 



thermal constant*, L 569. 



Fruit-sugars, formation, 1. 465. 

 Fruit*, aggregate and collective, Ii. 436. 

 Fruits and birds, i. 463. 



Fruits and seeds of Conifene. ii. 442. 443. 



attachment U) substratum, i. 615. 



boring of. i. 619. 



dry, subdivision. 



indehiscent, Ii. 427. 



preservation through drynew, L Ml 



protection from desiccation. IL 449. 



size and weight, 



so called of Ascomycetes, IL 20. 



with cu;>ules, U. 435. 



with modified receptacle or pedicel, U. 

 436. 



with persistent receptacles. IL 434. 

 Frullania, pitchers on leaves, L 256. 

 rullania dilatata, ii. 698. 



- mode of adhering to bark. L 106. 

 rust ule, of Diatoms, IL 615. 



Prutex. i. 715. 



ruticose Lichen*. IL 691 



rutlculus, i. 715. 

 Fucacew, as host plant*. L 77. 



characteristics, ii. 663. 

 reproductive protoplast*, U. 60. 



uchs (1501-1566), i. 1 

 Fuchsia, flowers after pollination. IL Ml 



- Tiscin of pollen-grain*, il. 101. 



uchsia coccinea. Ac., scarlet flower, U. 196. 

 fucoidee. L 169; ii. 606. 



size compared to attachment, L 78. 

 Fucus, fruit, 1L 63. 



no alternation of generation*, U. 481. 



oosphere and spennatozoid*, L 29. 



- structure, i. 590; ii. 61, 664, 

 Fucus vesiculosus, fertilization, IL 52. 

 Fuligo varians, colour of , L 81 

 Fuller's Thistle. Bee Cirrivm. 



Fumaria, behaviour to own and foreign 



pollen, iL 407. 

 Fumaria claviculata. branch-Undrlk, L 6M. 



drupaceous nut, U. 427, 429. 



honey concealment, iL 180. 



- leaf -stalk tendril*, L 691 

 Fumaria officinal!*, cotyledon*, i. 621. 



flower, dladelphia, iL 293. 



Funaria, hybrids. U. 581 



spermatozoid, i. 29. 



Funaria hygrometrica, chlorophyll-granule*, 

 change of shape, i. 381. 



Function, double, of variou* plant mechan- 

 isms, L 308. 



Fundamentum. See Hypocotyl. 



Fungal hyph, development and mode* of 

 growth, L 589. 



Fungi, 1.161; ii. 617, 620. 



advantage of luminosity, L 501 



as disintegrating agents, L 99, 961 



- characteristic*. iL 668. 



_ division of Thallophyta, il. 604. 



effect on cells attacked, iL 518. 



ferment, L 605. 



fleshy, los* of bulk through los* of water, 



L216. 



fossil remains, ii. 611 

 _ hyph in bark. L 106. 



of Lichen community, I. 241 



on ground of wood*, L 109. 



parasitic, alteration of form by, iL 518. 

 cause of skin-diseases, I. 168. 



extent of attack, L 164. 



byphie of, i. 165. 



numbers on one host, localized attack, 



Ac., L 168. 



- peat, unsuitable soil for, L 102. 

 -plaamold. feeding of. 1.68. 



rapid development of fructification, L 117. 



reason of abundance In wood*. L Ml 



respiratory heat, L 497. 

 -sa P rophytic.L99. 

 -speciflcscento.il. 488. 



- variety of appearance, L 110. 

 Fungus-flies, L 501 

 Fungus-gall*, il. 521. 



Fungu* melitenai*, apothecaries' name for 

 Cynomoriiim cocdneum, L 198. 



Fungus -mycelium, importance to root* of 

 plants, L 250. 



Funiculu*, of ovule, 1. 644; IL 8L 



