5V 



BRONZE BROOCH FROM BROUGH (CROCOLANA). (J) 



ANGLO-SAXON REMAINS 



the date of this advance up the Trent Valley, but both the Holme 

 Pierrepont brooches illustrated evidently belong to the fifth century, and 

 a wave of immigration about that time would account for the isolated 

 occurrence of Anglo - Saxon 

 brooches at two stations on 

 the Fosse road. That illustrated 

 by kind permission of Mr. T. 

 Smith-Woolley was found at 

 Brough (identified with Cro- 

 colana), and is essentially 

 similar to the smaller Holme 

 Pierrepont specimen, both hav- 

 ing a trefoil head (see fig.) and 

 faceted bow and foot, in the 

 late Roman manner. The side 

 view shows the ear and rivet 

 for attaching the pin to the 

 back of the head (which is 

 accidentally bent) and the catch 

 projecting from the upper part 

 of the foot. A second speci- 

 men, of the same type but not so well preserved, is the only Anglo- 

 Saxon relic as yet found at Castle Hill, between Car Colston and East 

 Bridgford on the Roman road, the site being considered that of the 

 Roman station Margidunum. 



In 1851 portions of two iron swords with a spear-head of unusual 

 form were found at Nottingham with two skulls and other human remains 

 at a depth of 3 ft. in a field adjoining the public baths and wash- 

 houses (between St. Mary's Cemetery and the County Lunatic Asylum). 

 These weapons were exhibited to the Archaeological Institute 1 in the 

 same year, and are now preserved in the armoury at the Tower of 

 London. 8 The spear is 24! in. long, with a maximum breadth of 2J in.; 

 while the sword is 36 in. long, 2j in. at the widest part of the blade, with 

 a guard 5J in. long and a grip of 3 in. These burials evidently belonged 

 not to the early Anglo-Saxon period, but to what is generally known in 

 this country as the Viking Age, corresponding in part to the Carlovingian 

 period of Western Europe. Spears with cross-bar below the blade are 

 rarely met with in this country, 8 but are more frequent abroad, where 

 they were made within the kingdom of Charles the Great.* The perfect 

 sword belongs to one of the two main types, with a straight guard and 

 a three-lobed pommel. Many have been found in Norway, 6 and others 

 are known from Scotland and Ireland, but their place of manufacture 



1 Journ. viii, 424, with illustrations. * Nos. 158, 174, and 175 in catalogue. 



1 Two from London and one from Amiens are in the British Museum, and one from the Thames is 

 in Reading Museum. A specimen is figured for comparison. 



4 Mittheilungen der anthrof. Gesell. in Wien, xxix (1899), p. 37, pi. i. 



4 Specimens in Bergen Museum described by A. L. Lorange, Den Tngre Jernalders SvaerJ: Rudolf 

 Wegeli, Zeitschrtft fur Historische Waffenkunde, vol. iii (1904). 



203 



