CONTENTS. 



CHAP. VI. 



Of the progrefs of man from a natural flate, to a ftate of civility and arts.— Such a pro- 

 grefs abfolutelv neceflary.— The firft ftep of this progrefs was living in herds.— Of 

 the motives which induced men to live in that way — Animals divided, by Ariftotle, 

 into gregarious and not gregarious ;— and into political and not political.— INIan of 

 the mixed kind— both gregarious and folitary ; political and not political- Man not 



induced to aflbciate by inftinft, or any particular attachment to his fpecies nroved 



that he has no fuch attachment. — It was therefore neceffity or convenience that made 

 him aflbciate. — This the cafe of the Ourang Outang.— Men in that ftate lived like 

 brutes, though they were both gregarious and political.— Examples of other animals 

 living in that way — That way of living far removed from a ftate of civility and arts. 

 — Language abfolutely neceflary to form fuch a ftate.— Man muft have formed ideas 

 before he can have the ufe of fpeech.— Language a wonderful art, but the formation 

 of ideas more wonderful — The formation of ideas our firft ftep from the mere ani- 

 mal life. — Tills is a moft diflicult ftep, being from nature, where all things are mix- 

 ed with all. — The progrefs of ideas, from the loweft fpecies to the higheft genius 



We difcover differences of things, and divide as well as unite. — Of the Categories, by 



which the whole things in the Univerfe are reduced to certain clafles. This the 



greateft difcovcry of philofophy that ever was made.— But the human mind goes be- 

 jond the Categories, and difcovcrs what contams the Categories, and every thing m 

 the Univerfe.— This progrefs moft wonderful, from what is loweft in nature to what 

 is higheft.— Language neceflary for that progrefs.— Therefore it is the parent art of 

 all arts and fciences. Page 6 



CHAP. VII. 



Of the progrefs of the human mind from ideas to Science.— Ideas the materials only of 

 Science.— They muft be put together in order to make fcience.— This done by pro- 

 pofitions.— All propofitions confift of a praedicate and a iubjeft.— The praedicate the 

 more general idea, containing ihc fubjea being the lefs general idea.— Of the maimer 

 in which one idea contains another;— and how the more general idea contains and is 

 contained in the lefs general.— This explained by the diftinclioq betwixt containing 

 potentially and aaually.—TWis diftinftion fliewn to apply to all propoiltions, whether 

 praedicating the genius of the fpecies, or the accident of the fubftance.-^Propofitions 

 alone not fit for fcience.— There muft be that comparifon of propofitions, which we 

 call Reafoni„g.—W)\cTt the connedion betwixt the two Terras of the propofition is 

 not evident, it muft be made fo by other propofitions.— This cannot go on in inf,,,. 

 turn, but muft flop at felf-evident propofitions.— Of the procefs of reafoning from 



thefe 



