Chap. VIII. A NTIENT METAPHYSICS. 179 



thofe who are fit to be governed as free men, that is, by perfuafion, 

 and alib thofe who mufl be governed as flaves. 



There is another thing to be obferved concerning the nature of 

 man, which, I am perfaaded, Hefiod knew, though he has not told 

 it ; that the quaUties of mind as well as of body defcend to the race. 

 And in this refpeft, too, man refembles other animals, and particu- 

 larly the horfe, whofe blood is known by his fpirit, as well as by 

 his figure, (hape, and movements. 



Thus I think it is evident, that nature has laid the foundarion of 

 excellence in the great art of government, as well as in other arts; 

 and that no education can make a man fit to govern, who is not by 

 God and nature deftined for that office : And it only remains to be 

 inquired, how we are to difcover this deftination. That men by go- 

 verning, will ihow themfelves fit to govern, there is no doubt. But 

 the queftion is, by what marks they were firft diftinguiflied, and al- 

 lowed to govern. And I fay that the charadler of a governing man 

 is as eafily to be difcerned in the features of a man, his look, 

 his voice, and the movements of his body, as blood is in a 

 horfe, by his look and movements : Nor do I think that there is 

 any defignation of chara£ler fo marked in us, as that of a governing 

 man. Thefe marks that I have mentioned, joined with a fuperior 

 fize and figure, make what Euripides calls the 'j<5o? 'a|/oi' rv^awi^oi^ 

 or as Tacitus has very well tranflated ix, forma princ'tpe 'viro digna. 



It was in this way, that, I am perfuaded, men were firfl diftinguifh- 



ed among herds of favages ; for that men lived in herds before they 



were formed into civil focieties, and what may be called nations, is, 



as 1 have faid *, evident, both from fa£t and hiftory, and from the 



reafon of the thing : Now I fay, that, among thefe herds, men who 



2 Z were 



• Page 176. of this Vol. 



