Chap. X. ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. 177 



excite the brute to confider the objeds in his phantafia. And this 

 inftindive impulfe is, as Ariftotle has obferved, univerfal among 

 men, and eflentiai to every intelligent animal: For knowledge is the 

 pbjed, and the only objed of intelled ; and to know is its only de- 

 light. 



This faculty of the phantafia, though fo ufeful both to the animal 

 and intelledual life, no philofopher, antient or modern, has taken 

 any notice of, except Ariftotle in his treatife De Anima^ which I 

 have quoted in the above mentioned volume of this work*. 



What I have hitherto faid of particular ideas, and of the forma- 

 tion of general ideas from them, relates only to objedts of fenfe. 

 But our ideas of mind, and of its different kinds, are formed in the 

 fame way, beginning with ideas of particular minds, firft thofe of 

 our own minds, and then proceeding to general ideas of mind, as I 

 have (hown in volume 2. of this work f . 



I will here make an obfervation, which I think of great im- 

 portance in Logic and in all reafoning. It is this, that particular 

 ideas are contained in the general, and are parts of them. This 

 will be evident to any man who attends to the way in which gene- 

 ral ideas are formed, which is by coUeding and putting together the 

 particular ideas which compofe the general. Thus the particular 

 ideas of man^ horfe^ dog^ l5fc. when colleded together, and made one 

 of many^ (the definition, given by Plato, of a general idea,) con- 

 ftitute the general idea oi animal ; which, therefore, muft neceflari- 

 ly contain the ideas of all particular animals that make up the fum of 

 that one of many ^ as necelTarily as a pound of money contains fo many 

 fliillings. This propofition, which I have endeavoured to make fo plain, 



Vol. V. Z fliows 



♦ Page 91. f Page 89. 



