298 ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. Book VIL 



f rme^s in Scotland much deer enfe din number: — Formerly few farms 

 exceeding ^o L of rent; now farms of ^^^o I. of ^00 L and even of 

 1000 /. — Sheep farms ^ of great extent^ pff^Jf^^ h ^^^^ tenant^ which 

 formerly employed 1,^ families. — Cottagers ought to be much more nu- 

 merous than both the landholders or farmers. — In Scotland cottar 

 gers^ formerly very numerous ; — were almofi the only farm fcr- 

 vu fits :— New they are difmiffed from mofl farms ^ and the work 

 performed by unmarried houfefervants : — In fiance the deflation of 

 one f rm by this method. — The fcarcitv of the fervants and their high 

 wages ^are in hart tending to corredf this abufe. — Cafe of a farm of the 

 Author s, where only a boy is kept in the houfe; and^ though the tenant 

 does not pay above 30 /. of rent ^ there are 1 2, families of cottagers :— 

 Another tenant, who poffeffes only 8 acres of arable land^ keeps "^fa^ 

 milies of cottagers : — A fmall village of the Author s p of effed by 7 

 tenants., who occupy 3 acres a piece. — Confequences of fuch great po- 

 pulation-^ - 200 Individuals in a tradi of ground of the Author s not 

 paying 1 00 /. a year. — State of the Author s ozvn farm as. to popula- 

 tion'^ — cultivated by one unmarried fervant and a boy in the houfe y and 

 by 21 cottagers and fmall tenants. — Advantages refulting from the 

 population of a country. — Many great improvers depopulate their ef- 

 tates. — Praife of Mr Barclay ofUrie : — An account of his improve- 

 ments., and of the benefits be has thereby conferred on the county of 

 Kincardine.— Cottagers., though much dimini/Jjed in Scotland .,flitl more 

 fo in England. — The number of houfe fervants., kept by the rich and 

 greats multiply little: — Very different among theantient Romans; and^ 

 in former times y in Great Britain. — Service fill an inheritance infome 

 parts f the Highlands of Scotland. Our flanding ar.idcs contribute 

 ■ nothi/g to population. — Population a mofl material part of the politic 

 calfyftem ; and^ therefore^ much infifled on. — Proof from our pre- 

 pent exertions by fea and landy that our population is very confider- 

 ^Iflg ; — // might be increafed by proper means. — Ourfttuation^ with 



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