86 ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. Book II. 



Locke s definition of truth, from his ignorance of the conneElion of 

 things in the Univerfe. — The Supreme Being comprehends all things^ 

 but is himfelf comprehended in nothing. — Of the wonderful Ukcneffes 

 of different Speciefes and Genu/es, — The Univerfe mufl he the -work 

 of Supreme Intelligence. — Of the reality of the exiflcnce of Genufes 

 and Specie/es. 



THE Univerfe, as I have faid, is a fyftem of fyftems. Many of 

 thefe fyftems we perceive ; and we find a fyftem not only in 

 generals, fuch as genufes and fpeciefes, but in particulars or even in 

 individuals, which are contained in the loweft fpeciefes. But there 

 are certainly, in the univerfe, many more fyftems than we can 

 apprehend : For, in the firft place, as to individuals, which arc 

 fyftems as well as generals, they are infinite in number with re- 

 fpedl to us, though there be nothing in the fyftem of the univerfe 

 that is really infinite; for, if it were fo, the univerfe would not be a 

 fyftem. But, befides the Individuals, there are certainly in the uni- 

 verfe many genufes and fpeciefes, which every body muft admit to 

 be fyftems, but which we have not yet difcovered ; and, indeed, 

 as we cannot conceive intelligence operating otherwife than in fyf- 

 tem, we muft hold that there is a fyftem in every thing in nature, 

 both in particulars and generals. But befides particular fyftems, 

 fome of which only we can comprehend, we learn from that great 

 work of Archytas, which I have fo often mentioned, that there is a 

 fyftem of the whole of things in this univerfe, comprehending fub- 

 flance and all the qualities or accidents of fubftance. By fubftance 

 we muft underftand, that which exifts by itfelf and not necelfarily 

 in conjunction with other things without which it could not exift ; 

 whereas the accidents or qualities of things cannot exift by tliem- 

 felves, but can only exift in or with other things * with which they 



are 

 * Thi"fe things arc rnore fitly exprefllJ by the Greek word i7»ft,a.,3«)t«T«, tii.ui by the 

 words quality or accident. 



