Chap. VI. ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. 107 



thinking and reafoning, is an impediment to it. Now what afts, 

 exifts ; and what adls by itfelf, muft exifh by itfelf. This mind, 

 therefore, does not perilli or go to duft, as the body does when the 

 man dies, but muft continue to exifl and to ait as a iubftance by 

 itfelf. And in this way I think it is demonftratively proved, tfiat 

 our intelledtual mind, or foul, is a fubftance quite dillerent from 

 our body; in which refped; we may obferve how different it is 

 from our other two minds, the animal and vegetable, which can- 

 not adj nor even be conceived to exift, without the body. 



I will farther add, concerning this mind, that as its actions and 

 operations are fo different from thofe of body, and altogether un- 

 conne£led with it, we mufl fuppofc that it is a fubflance not ma- 

 terial but immaterial. And as we are fure that it does not perifh 

 with the body, but exifts and atts after the body is at an end, we 

 mufl fuppofe it not to be mortal like the body, but immortal *. 



In man compofed, as I have faid, of body, and the intelledlual, 

 the animal, and the vegetable minds, is contained the whole rs- 

 ■r^axTyj of the Pythagoreans, which was reckoned fo great a dif- 

 coveryf. In fhort, man is fuch a fyflem, compofed of every kind of 

 things in this univerfe, of body, and of the intelledual, the animal, 

 the vegetable, and the elemental minds, that he may be faid to be 

 an epitome of the univerfe ; and is, therefore, very properly called 

 by the antients a m'lcrocofm^ or little iJDorld: And he alone is, I think, 

 a proof of the exiftence of God ; for no man can believe, nor is it 

 maintained by any pliilolbpher, that man has made himfeJf. Pie 

 mufl, therefore, be the production of Supreme Intelligence; nor can 

 we conceive that any other intelligence could have produced a fyf- 

 tem fo wonderful. 



O 2 And 



* See what I have faid on ihls fubjea in Vol. I. Book II. Chap. XIL 



•f See p. 36. of this volume. 



