Chap. I. A N T I E N T M E T A P H Y S I C S. 285 



formed. But there is an anticnt piece of philofophy preferved 

 to us, (the mofl: antient I beHcve that is extant), by which 

 this dodrine is explained, and the whole fyftem of the material 

 world put in the cleareft light. The work 1 mean is that of Ti- 

 maeus the Locrian, De minima Mu?idi, where he tells us that all bo- 

 dies are formed of matter, or the materia prima, as we call it, and of 

 idea ; fo that every Body is compofed of a certain quantity of matter, 

 which he confiders as the mother of the body, and of an idea, which 

 he confiders as the father. In this way every Body here on 

 earth is formed : Eor the idea, that is the mind which is in it, both 

 gives it its form and motion, and produces all its different qua- 

 lities. In this way we have every thing in body, all its dif- 

 ferent forms, its movements and its 'qualities, accounted for upon 

 found principles of theifm, without the lead mixture of material- 

 ifm ; which makes this work of Timaeus a mod valuable piece of 

 philofophy, being the befl: account that is given of the produclion 

 of the feveral forms and motions of bodies here on earth, and their 

 different qualities. 



I now return to fpeak of the difference betwixt man and brute. 

 That the brute is not a mere machine, as M. de Buffon, would 

 make him to be, but that he has a mind by which he is 

 prompted to aft in different manners, cannot be doubted of by any 

 man, who knows what mind is, and that there is an animal mind, 

 which he himfelf has, as well as an intelleiftual mind : And it is from 

 the different operations of this animal mind of the brute that we are 

 to diftinguifh it from the intelledual mind of man. 



There is a book written by a Scotchman of the name of William 

 Smellie, entitled The Philofophy of Natural Hijlory, and which I 

 believe is one of the befl: collcdions extant of the hiftory of the brute 

 animals. He mentions this queftion concerning the caufe which 



produces 



