Chap.III. ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. 311 



has not intelledt, and confequently no ideas of what is good or ill, 

 has no opinions of any kind, but is guided, in all his actions and 

 purfuits, by what is called inftin£l : And that, as I have (hown in 

 the preceding chapter, is a propenfuy, which the wifdom and good- 

 nefs of God have given to his mind, by which he is excited to do 

 every thing that is proper for the prefervation of the individual 

 and the continuation of the race ; for which purpofes fome of the 

 brutes perform wonderful works of art, of which I fliall fpeak in 

 the fequel. The difference therefore betwixt man and brute comes 

 to this, that man is guided by his own imperfed intelligence, vvhile 

 the brute is guided by Divine wifdom and goodnefs, which have fo 

 formed his mind, that upon every occafion it adls for the two pur- 

 pofes above mentioned : For I am not of opinion that the brute is 

 immediately and directly moved, by the Deity, to perform what 

 we fee him do ; but I hold that his mind is fo formed that it moves 

 him to do all thofe things that we admire fo much, when it is pro- 

 per he fhould do them, and fo to make himfelf as happy as his na- 

 ture will admit. 



In this way therefore I think I have accounted how fenfual plea- 

 fures make the brute fo much happier than man ; though even 

 in thefe a man might excel the brute, having fo much more 

 power, if he made a proper ufe of his intellecft : And when to 

 that we join the pleafures which intelledl affords, by the means of 

 arts, fciences, and philofophy, I think we may pronounce with 

 great certainty, that even on this earth God has given the chief ani- 

 mal here below the power of making himfelf very much happier 

 than any brute. And if to arts, fciences, and philofophy he joins 

 religion, (without which there can be no perfeft philofophy), which 

 affures him that if he lives as he ought to do in this life, he will be 

 much happier in the next, he may be faid to be as happy as an ani- 

 mal 



