346 APPENDIX. 



fidering any particular objc<ft, difcovers in it feveral qualities, of 

 which it forms one idea, comprehending them all and dillinguifhing 

 that particular objedt from other objeds of a different kind ; and 

 then, as I have fhown elfewhere *, it proceeds to make the parti- 

 cular idea, thus formed, a general idea. — So that it is by our ideas 

 that we know the nature of all things, both particular and general. 



And here we may obferve the difference betwixt our ideas and 

 the perceptions of fenfe, which are common to us with the brutes. 

 By thefe we learn to know that thefe perceptions are either the fame 

 or different, and confequently that the objeds perceived are the fame 

 or different : Now this knowledge the brutes have as well as we ; 

 for if they could not in this way diftinguifli the objects of their per- 

 ceptions, they could not carry on the economy of their lives. But 

 what m kes this famenefs or difference we do not, nor cannot know 

 by our fenfes, but it muft be by our intelled, which perceives the 

 nature of the things, and in this way accounts for their famenefs or 

 difference, and this is done by forming Ideas of the thing t. 



The wonderful progrefs of the ratnd of man in his ftate on this 

 earth, I think has not been fufficiently attended to by the phiiui'o- 

 phers of this age, though it be a thing that they may fee in the pro- 

 o-refs of every child from his birth to his manhood. When in his 

 mere natural ftate, without any education, he is, as Ariftotle has 

 told us, a mere brute animal, of the better kind, which he exprcffes 

 by calling liim a logical zsiiu\2\.y that is an animal who has the fa- 

 culty 



• Vol. V. p. 168 and following. 



•j- Who would defire to know more particularly what man is, and the difference 

 betwixt him and the brute, may read wliat I have faid £t fome length in Vol. I. of this 

 work, p .134 and following; as I think it a moft important part of our knowledge^ to 

 know what we ourfelves are, and how we are diftinguilhed from other animals which 

 are fenfitive as well as we. 



