required. There was a directory desk where the directory operator 

 wrote on the ticket the telephone number of the called person. Usu- 

 ally associated with the directory desk was an arrangement for filing 

 completed tickets such that should any customer wish to inquire the 

 charge on his call after it had been filed, it might be located quickly. 

 There was a route and rate desk to which the ticket was then sent and 

 where the operator recorded upon it the route and the rate to the called 

 I)lace. There was an outward or line board where operators established 

 connection between the calling and called telephones. There was a 

 special board known as an inward board where operators established 

 connections to local offices for operators at distant offices. There was 

 a through board where operators connected toll circuits together, end 

 to end, on calls coming from a distant city and going to another city 

 via this office. Each pair of line positions was equipped with a device 

 for timing calls, the calculagraph. 



With two-ticket operation, a customer wishing to place a long 

 distance call reached his local operator and asked her to connect him 

 with long distance. The local operator complied with this request by 

 making connection to a trunk to long distance which appeared for 

 answering before a special group of operators trained only to record 

 the customer's order. The recording operator answered the signal 

 on this trunk by saying "Long Distance." The customer told the 

 recording operator whom he wished to reach and where he might be 

 found. He was then told by the recorder that the operator would call 

 him and he hung up his receiver. After recording the information 

 supplied by the customer on an "outward" ticket form, the ticket was 

 sent to other operators for further handling. If the customer had 

 not supplied the number of the called telephone, the ticket was sent 

 to a directory operator who looked up in the directory of the called 

 place the telephone number of the called person. Each toll office did 

 not then, nor does it now, have direct circuits to all other toll offices. 

 It was necessary, therefore, in many cases, to determine the route to 

 the called place. After the telephone number had been supplied to 

 the ticket by the directory operator, the ticket next went to the routing 

 operator who indicated on the ticket the route to the called place. 

 The ticket was then sent to the particular line operator who handled 

 calls to the desired place. The line operator obtained connection with 

 the calling subscriber's telephone and to a circuit to, or in the direction 

 of, the called place. Having reached the inward operator at the 

 called place, she passed the details of the call to her. The inward 

 operator recorded them on an "inward" ticket form and proceeded 

 to obtain connection with the called telephone or party or to find out 



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