736 



THE BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL, JULY 1952 



"J"' position we place a mask with two units transmission, and so on. 

 The signal amplitudes as received are thus re-ordered in the desired 

 fashion. 



The resulting signal has lower average power and this can sometimes 

 be an advantage, particularly if several such signals are to be sent over 

 a common channel by frequency division. In this case the extreme rarity 

 of occurrence of high peak powers on all channels simultaneously means 



j_L 



ABCDEFGH I J KLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 

 Fig. 3 — Letter frequencies in English. 



OUTPUT 



Fig. 4 — The "Monogrammer." 



