92" THE USE BOOK. 



the same market price and value as green, the stumpage rates 

 should be the same. In most cases it will be possible to sim- 

 plify the scaling and administration of the sale by recommend- 

 ing an average price for all species, and for both living and 

 dead timber. 



The Forest officer making the study should ascertain the cost 

 of each step in logging and manufacture, the sale value of the 

 product, and the prices of competing lumber from outside 

 sources. In some sales it may be desirable to introduce a slid- 

 ing scale of prices, providing for an annual increase in prices 

 for timber cut after the first year of the contract. In others it 

 may be best to make provision for readjustment of stumpage 

 prices at a definite time upon a definite basis. The estimated 

 profit to the purchaser at prices recommended should always 

 be given. 



Stumpage rates should not be reduced for any purchaser 

 because his methods of maiuiTactnre are imperfect and utiliza- 

 tion is inconrolete. In recommending prices for timber to be 

 sold to mining companies, power companies, and the like, for 

 their own use, the cost of securing it from the nearest source 

 outside the National Forest must be fully reported upon. The 

 basis for stumpage prices in regions where timber from out- 

 side sources can not enter into competition must be very care- 

 fully considered. 



No application will be approved by the Forester or by a super- 

 visor unless the report of the examining officer shows definitely 

 that the full market value of the timber will be received. There 

 is no way to prevent favoritism and "graft" except to treat a 

 timber sale as a business matter and get the full value of the 

 timber sold. 



Logging. The method of logging to be used should be ascer- 

 tained and its effect upon^ the forest considered. If it will 

 cause ser lores-damn go to-the reproduction or is likely to cause 

 erosionj the examining onk'er shouldrecommend measures^to 

 prevent this damage. He should always recommend the period 

 to be allowed for the cutting and removal of the timber. This 

 should never permit the holding of timber for a rise in value. 



