FOREST PROTECTION 135 



Poplar tops in Pisgah Forest; 



Topped white pines in the Pink Beds; 



Black locusts and hickory on mountain tops; 



Plantations of rigid pine in Black Forest; 



Spruce saplings in the Balsams, in the early spring of 1908. 

 D. REMEDIES: 



Selecting the proper species for planting or for natural seed re- 

 generations, in keeping with the requirements of the locality 

 and of the climate; 



Group system of natural seed regeneration; 



Planting in rows instead of planting in triangles (Hess); 



Thinnings properly made beginning early in very dense regenerations; 



Pollarding; 



Readiness of permanent means of transportation so as to make 

 possible the salvage of broken timber. 



