THE FOREST RESOURCES OF THE WORLD. 9 



the annual growth and does not take into consideration the forest 

 capital which produces this growth. The Europeans use the annual 

 growth as the criterion of the present stand. 



The forest capital itself, or what we call the present stand, is a 

 constant quantity which is not to be disturbed. With improvement 

 of the forest capital (more fully stocked or faster-growing species), 

 the annual growth increases and more timber is available for annual 

 cutting. 



In this country and Canada, where there are still large areas of 

 mature timber and but little forest management in the strict sense of 

 this word, the present stand in cubic feet or board measure is of special 

 interest, as it shows how much virgin timber is available for cutting 

 and how long it will take to exhaust the supply. 



In order to make the results obtained for different countries com- 

 parable it was attempted in every case to show the forest area, the 

 annual growth, and annual cut, and from these three factors to make 

 deductions as to the forest resources of the different countries. 

 The topics discussed for each country are as follows: Forest area; 

 distribution of the forest throughout the country; composition and 

 character of the forests; annual consumption, cutting, and growth per 

 acre; and wood prices. ^ 



FOREST BE SOURCES BY COUNTRIES. 

 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



Austrian-Hungary is the greatest wood-exporting country in the 

 world. It is not so rich in forests, however, as Sweden, although 

 some provinces in Austria are very well wooded indeed. The com- 

 bined forest area of Austria, Hungary, and Croatia and Slavonia, 

 exclusive of the provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, is 46,440,000 

 acres, or 30.24 per cent of the total land area. The forests of Austria 

 proper, however, are very different from those of the Hungarian 

 Kingdom, and it will be better to consider the two separately. 



AUSTRIA. 



FOREST AREA. 



Forestry has developed differently in various parts of Austria. In 

 the northwest provinces, such as Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia, 

 where the population is denser than in any other part of the empire, 

 the forests were early taken care of. Being close to Germany, these 

 northwest provinces have followed Germany in the management of 

 then- forests, and some of them were almost model forests even as 

 early as 1848. In the mountainous parts of the country, however, 

 the conditions do not favor rational forest management, and forestry 

 there is far from being what it should be. 



